What Does Politics Do?

According to Rancière,the previous political theory essentially ignored the nature of politics and forgot the most important connotation of politics.Therefore,Rancière refers to the past politics as "police",which is a perceptual distribution method,which is a physical order that defines the mode of action,the way of existence,and the way in which speech is distributed.Prototype police,parallel police,and post-police concealment treat some of the physical beings as invisible,and unspeakables exclude them from the community,leading to the inequality of some people and the suppression of equality.Therefore,for the purpose of saving politics and human liberation,Rancière re-constructed politics in a unique way based on the reflection of "police"."Politics" is a distraction of the "police" order,a break of the logic of "police",and another calculation method different from "police".The key is that "this part of those who have no part" are re-established as political subjects.The process of manifestation,that is,"political subjectivization".This process is also a democratic process that validates the existence of equal logic.Therefore,Rancière's "politics" thought contains a profound dimension of human liberation,which is in some ways compatible with Marx's theory.At the same time,there are differences between Rancière's political thought and Marx's theory of liberation: Marx believes that the proletariat is the main body for the revolution,while Rancière believes that "this part of those who have no part" is the main body of liberation;Marx emphasized the leading role of the vanguard party in the revolution,while Rancière held a strong critical attitude towards the party theory and advocated the spontaneous rebellion movement of "this part of those who have no part".Although there is a difference in the specific path between Rancière and Marx's thoughts,the ultimate interest of both theories-human liberation is the same.