A Study Of Qianlong Emperor's Thought Of National Relationship

Qianlong emperor was one of the founders of the"Kang Qian Sheng Shi"(????)in the Qing Dynasty.During his reign,he was committed to maintaining border stability and national unity,and made important contributions to the formation and development of a unified multi-ethnic country.Qianlong emperor gradually formed his own unique system of thoughts of national relationship in dealing with ethnic relations.The first chapter introduces the general situation of ethnic relations during the period of Qianlong.As the supreme ruler of the Qing Dynasty,when dealing with the problems of ethnic relations,Qianlong emperor must endeavor to safeguard the interests of the Man Nationality and distinguish the Han and other ethnic groups which consolidate the dominance of the Man Nationality.This chapter analyzes Qianlong's political practices and explores the background of his thoughts on ethnic relations.The second chapter systematically combs the main content of Qianlong's thoughts of national relationship.Emperor Qianlong's thoughts on ethnic relations are mainly composed of four parts:"The world is unified"(????),"Ruling according to nationality customs"(????),"Governing the people with grace"(????),"Stateliness and kindness are both used(????),kindness is primary(????)".Among them,"The world is unified"is the core of Qianlong's national relations thoughts."Ruling according to nationalitycustoms"is the basic principle of the thought of ethnic relations."Governing the people with grace"and"Stateliness and kindness are both used,kindness is primary"are the main ideas of ethnic relations.The important components of the four parts constitute a relatively complete system of ethnic relations.The third chapter analyzes the source,characteristics,influence and limitations of Qianlong's national relations thought.The formation of Qianlong's national relations thought,not only it was influenced by traditional Confucian thoughts,by the way of his sorrow,but also his grandfather and father played important roles on his thoughts of national relations,as well as his own understanding of ethnic relations.It is the main feature of Qianlong's national relations thoughts that everything is based on reality and inherits the traditional national relations thoughts while also innovating and interconnecting various ideas and viewpoints.Qianlong's national relations thoughts conformed to the historical trend,safeguarded national unity,strengthened the Qing government's cohesiveness to various ethnic groups,and had a great influence on the practice of ethnic relations in later generations.Although it has certain limitations,it does not hide its merits which are still the main ones.