The Study Of Qian Duansheng’s Constitutionalism

From the reform in late qing dynasty to today, constitutionalism thought has been widespread in China. Since then, people in China started keep exploring, summarizing and realizing constitutional government. Meanwhile many intellectuals who are endeavoring academic achievement cannot stop an intrinsic, complicated plot in terms of the hectic political reality. As a represent, constitutional expert Duansheng Qian keep concerning Government and constitutionalism and trying localizing Western politics in China.In this study, it will discuss his constitutional thought and try to construct an image of constitutional democracy and liberal intellectuals. Qian has been nurtured by Chinese traditional culture, and then influenced by the essence of western constitutional government, this extraordinary experience made his progress to constitutional government worthy of recall. He had participated in political activities for the realization of democratic republic in China. During the republic of China time, Qian had hovering between the ideals and the realities. Under the driver of pragmatism philosophy and western compromise political thought, he proposed The suspension of the constitutional theory, new type autarchy and One-party theory which run counter to the western democracy and freedom theory. Around the war of resistance against Japan, Qian proposed the democratic coalition government in China to realize the way of constitutional democracy along with the national revolution and the changes of the political situation at that time. After new China was founded, he actively participated in the construction of constitutional government, devote all his effort to the political consultative conference and the drafting process in1954.The research map in this study starts with the central idea of Qian, combining with his commentary and works, follow up integrating the works of Liang Qi-Chao, Hu Shi, Liang Shu-ming, Chen Zhimai, Ding Wen-Jiang and Jiang Ting-Fu at that situation, tries to "restore" the innate nature of this constitutional experts and excavate the essence, evolution and origin of his thoughts.The main body of this study has been divided into five parts. The primary part is about an brief of Qian’s Life as well as the general introduction of his constitutional view, mainly focus on the explanation of his article and the political activities on different stages; the secondary part describe his constitutional government thought during the period of the republic, detailed introduce the concept of constitution, democracy theory and political parties view. The third part is the analysis of Qian’s constitutional government theory in new period of China. The points are extracted from the comments of the common program and the participation in the process of drafting the constitution of the draw. The fourth part is exploring the essence, evolution and origin of Qian’s thoughts from political compromise of pragmatism and’personal leadership and managerial leadership’; the final part focus on a summary of the full text.