The Research On "Ma Han" Ritial Of Tibetan Folk In Bailong River Basin

"Mahan"(dmga gshra),meaning embattling in tibetan,is popular in Diebu County and Zhouqu County in Bailong River Basin and it is the legacy left by Tubo Army.Based on the theoretical perspective of cultural anthropology and in-depth fieldwork,this paper compares the behavior rituals and lyrics of“Mahan”in the middle and lower parts of Diebu County and Hanban in Zhouqu County,and then discusses the origin,changes and functions of“Mahan”rituals."Duo" ceremony is held in November of the lunar calendar in the central part of the middle part of Diebu County,and "Mahan" is one of the main contents of the"Duo" cultural festival;"Mahan" is regarded as a pure folk entertainment in the lower part of Diebu County,held in auspicious day.In Maoban area of Zhouqu County,the "Mahan"is included in the Dance named "Duodi".They carry out the "Mahan"in the "Pharmacist Buddha" festival in May of the lunar calendar every year.There are different ways of expression and cultural types in this three regions,which are all called "Mahan".By comparing the three regions,we can find its' origin is closely related to the religious rituals of Tubo Army held before the war.Besides,it is also connected tightly with the culture of Tubo Army.At the same time,"Mahan" is also prevailing in Tibetan communities of Bailong River Basin as a part of "Duo"culture.Due to the different natural and social environment people faced in different periods,"Mahan" have to ken place a series of changes in its traditional culture.The content of "Mahan" lyrics has changed with the change of the behavioral ritual and connotation of "Mahan".Comparing the content of the lyrics in the three areas,“Mahan”in the three regions describe the origin of Mahan's ritual and the content related to the history of heroes.With the change of cultural components and meanings,its functions are also different.People in middle part of Diebu County believe that "Mahan" in "Duo" Festival has the function of liminating disasters,solving tribal conflicts and living in hamony between man and nature.People in lower part of Diebu County consider that "Mahan" can be regarded as a way to inherit the cultural knowledge and make fun for people.People in Hanban of Zhouqu County take making offerings to Water Spirit as the principal thing,who help people have a good harvest."Mahan" have been a precious symbol like Tangka in Bailong River Basin as well as a treasure in folk culture.