A Comparative Study Of British And American Treaties On China In Modern Times(1840-1911)

The rise of a great power is a long and tortuous process.The replacement of the existing great power by emerging power must innovate in concepts and practices of international law.Although the United States opened the door of China through treaties in modern times,and seized various privileges and turn China into a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society,there are no differences among other powers at the time,but at the same time there are differences between the United Kingdom and America in the concept and practice of international law,it is the difference that contributed to the rise of the United States to a certain extent..This paper selects the time period from 1840 to 1911,starting from the Sino-UK and Sino-US treaties with China,using text analysis,historical analysis and comparative analysis to explore the differences of texts between the treaties during this period,and then a glimpse of the rise.The similarities and differences between the great powers and the defending countries in the concept of international law and other general concepts,as well as the reasons for the differences,finally sum up the relationship between the rise of the great powers and international law.From the perspective of theoretical research,exploring the differences between the ideas and practices of the rising countries and the existing big powers is of great significance for summarizing the general laws of the rise of the great powers;from the perspective of reality,finding the innovation of the ideas of the United States in the process of its rise,It can provide useful thinking for the rise of the great powers of later countries.This article consists of the following parts: First,the introduction,in this part,the author expounds the research background,research significance,and innovation points of the comparative study of modern Sino-UK and Sino-US treaties texts,in order to further explore the UK and China The textual differences,conceptual and practical differences of the treaties,as well as the summary of the reasons for the difference,made a preliminary preparation.The first chapter compares the Sino-UK and Sino-US treaties texts from the perspective of territory;the second chapter compares the Sino-UK and Sino-US treaties texts from the perspective of trade;the third chapter compares the Sino-UK and Sino-US treaties texts from a cultural perspective;The forth chapter compares the texts of Sino-UK and Sino-US treaties from the perspective of justice.The fifth chapter synthesizes the similarities and differences of the first four chapters,further summarizes the concepts of international law and other general concepts and practices behind the text and analyzes its causes.