Study On Land Reform Injingzhou Prefecture(1949-1953)

In the early years of the People's Republic,the class contradiction between landlords and peasants was still existed in rural China,and the Feudal land ownership severely set obstacles to social development.It was urgent to abolish feudal land ownership as well as backward relations of production to liberate the productive forces.In order to consolidate new reins of power and develop production,under the leadership the Communist Party of China,the nationwide land reform movement has been carried out with a bang.The poor peasants strived for utmost benefits and the government finally balanced the interest with land speculation.Land reform satisfied peasants' demand for better life,made the relationship between the Communist Party of China and the people tighter,and the new state power has been consolidated,taking the new road toward industrialization.Compared with other county in Hubei Province,Jingzhou Prefecture is a typical area during the land reform movement.The paper is a study of land reform that takes Jingzhou Prefecture for a case,and deeply explores the regional characteristics of this movement and the specific changes in rural areas.On this basis,it paid much attention to the changes of rural society during the land reform movement in Jingzhou.Jingzhou Prefecture has made active preparations for land reform,including four aspects: eliminating banditry and expropriate local despots,reducing rent rates and obtain the return of security money,doing field investigation and research,strengthening the construction of primary organization in rural areas,constituting land reform committee and cadre training.In the process of eliminating banditry and expropriate local despots,it must repulse the retaliation by landlords and rich peasants,and during the process of reducing rent rates and obtain the return of security money,it must attach great importance to the possibility of lacking mass foundation or cadres,and serious defects in the organization.Jingzhou Prefecture has made certain adjustments in accord with related governmental policies.Having kept abreast of the specific situation of rural land occupation and employment relationship,the relatively stable social environment has been created,and the cadres,organizations and mass bases for land reform have been established.The land reform in Jingzhou Prefecture has been vigorously carried out.Firstly,the Jingzhou prefectural Party Committee has carried out regular publicity mobilization to appeal peasants to take part in land reform.At the same time,itchose some areas as trailblazer for this movement,then popularized the mode after gaining experience.Secondly,through sobbing out the grievances and inveterate hatred for the exploiting classes,peasants are inspired to understand the exploitation of the landlord class,gradually improved the class consciousness and political consciousness.Then,the division of classes proceeded along specific standards and steps.Although there have been some problems emerged in this process,Jingzhou prefectural Party Committee has corrected in time through different meeting such as the peasants' association and the representative meeting.Thirdly,the land assets allocation for landlords and rich peasants has been carried out.In the concrete practice of land allocation and institutional construction,Jingzhou Prefecture has also gained experiences.Finally,Jingzhou Prefecture solved the remaining problems in the legacy of land reform,and completed land reform movement of far-reaching significance.Compared with other regions,the land reform in Jingzhou has its distinctive features.First,the entire area is vast and complex,and Jingzhou Prefecture placed great emphasis on mass mobilization and timely solved tough problems arising in the movement.Second,the achievement of land reform in Jingzhou area has been affirmed and publicized in Hubei province,such as training cadres,linking work at selected spots with that in entire areas and mobilizing the masses.Third,the land reform was carried out with education,initiating youth to discuss and criticize thoughts of “Wang Chengying”and then to begin cultural construction.The land reform in Jingzhou has yielded fruitful achievements.The feudal relations of production in rural areas have been abolished,new changes have taken place in class relations,and the economic and political interests of peasants have been met.In addition,in the process of land reform,the construction of the Party and the League has been greatly emphasized.Excellent party cadres emerged and the rural grassroots regime was consolidated.All of these helped further promote the subsequent agricultural cooperation movement and created favorable conditions for the rural revitalization.