Community Theory In Critique Of Political Economy (Manuscripts From 1857 To 1858) And Its Contemporary Value

In "Critique of Political Economy(Manuscripts of 1857-1858)",Marx systematically studied three different types and different forms of community in the evolution of human society.His community thought provides an important theoretical basis for building a community of contemporary human destiny.Therefore,studying the community theory in "Critique of Political Economy(Manuscript 1857-1858)" has important theoretical and practical significance.This article takes "Critique of Political Economy(Manuscripts of 1857-1858)as the main text,and refers to the "Communist Manifesto" and "German Ideology" and other works.The relationship between people and communities in the community and the relationship between people is The main research contents are the historical clues and logical clues of the three historical stages of "substance dependence","human dependence" and "independence of human personality",systematically studying Marx’s community theory.First,Marx studies two logical clues of community theory.The two logical clues of Marx’s study of community theory are: the historical law of the evolution of social form and the value logic of human development.The historical law runs through the three historical stages of “substance dependence”,“human dependence” and “independence of human personality”,which is the historical basis for understanding the formation and evolution of the community;the value logic reflects the value of the Marx research community.pursue.These two clues are unified in the historical materialism.Because of this,Marx denies the tendency of foreign scholars to study the community’s idealism,positivism,and economic theory.Guided by historical materialism,he divides the community into a community of human dependence stages,a community of dependence stages of things,and a community of people’s free and comprehensive development stages.It corresponds to the three major social forms of natural economy,commodity economy and product economy from the economic perspective,so it has a broad vision.Second,the focus of Marx’s community theory is human development.Marx analyzed the development of people in different communities and their changing trends,and established an important theory that independent personality is the development goal of human beings.Emphasizing that human development goals must be the independence of human personality and the free and comprehensive development of human beings.Thus establishing a value goal for the study of community theory.His thought constitutes the theoretical basis of the concept of the community of human destiny in the new era.The third chapter focuses on an investigation of the former capitalist community."Critique of Political Economy(Manuscripts of 1857-1858)" is based on the ownership of production materials,the relationship between distribution,and the relationship between people in the community.It analyzes the fact that the community depends on individuals and individuals rely on the community.The interdependent relationship with the community reveals the essential characteristics of this stage of "human dependence." The community in human dependence is the first form of the community.This dependence is based on the original public ownership and is based on the original on-demand distribution.It forms the original equality and freedom,that is,the individual as a member of the community.Equality and freedom.The fourth chapter describes Analytical critique of the community in the “dependence of things”.The “dependence of things” is the capitalist community.The essence of this community is the illusory community.Marx believes that the disintegration of the former capitalist community will inevitably lead to the formation of a capitalist community based on the relationship between capital and wage labor and the exploitation of wage labor by capital,thus forming a "substance dependence." The dependence of things is the unique relationship of the capitalist community.It evolves from the dependence on human beings and is essentially different from human dependence.It is based on the separation of labor and labor materials,and is based on commodities and currencies.The individual’s dependence on the community is dependent on things.The community of capitalist society is embodied in the state,but the state only represents the interests of the bourgeoisie and does not represent the interests of the people.For the majority of workers,the state is illusory.In this community,workers have formal freedom and equality,but because of the separation of production materials and labor,the sale and possession of labor leads to substantial inequality and laborer’s freedom.The fifth chapter mainly expounds the community of the future society.The community of the future society is the elimination of the separation of labor and labor data,that is,the elimination of the private ownership of capitalism.Marx believes that the elimination of private ownership and the establishment of public ownership are the economic foundation of the future community.The elimination of classes,the demise of the state,and the liberation of laborers constitute the political foundation of the future community.In this community,individuals no longer depend on things,and no longer rely on a certain community and a certain class.The union of free people is the basic form of this community,and thus the community of the future society is the union of free people..In the union of free people,individuals become the main body of society,gaining the comprehensive development of individuality and individual potential,and therefore are a combination of free and comprehensive development of human beings.The idea of human destiny community is the inheritance and development of the idea of a free association.In contemporary society,human beings face global problems such as ecology,poverty,and security,especially the globalization of the economy.Human beings have joined together as a community of destiny.Only by overcoming narrow nationalism and conservatism,they insist on global cooperation and sharing.Principles can solve a series of global problems.Initiatives such as the “Belt and Road” are China’s solutions to global problems and concrete practices for building a community of contemporary human destiny.