Study On The Legal Realization Of The Energy Targeted Poverty Alleviation

Poverty is one of the important challenges facing our country,which impedes the development of social economy,the improvement of people's living standards.China has a large number of poor population.The task of getting rid of poverty was difficult.With the coming of 2020,in order to achieve the goal of building a well-off society in an all-round way in 2020,we need to continue to promote targeted poverty alleviation.As the basis of production and life,energy have a great influence in poverty alleviation.Energy targeted poverty alleviation can achieve benefits both resource and economic.Targeted poverty alleviation of energy has two meanings.First,in order to improve the consumption ability of energy products and energy services of the poor people,and on the basis of targeted identification of the poor people,it provides material assistance in energy consumption through energy subsidies,preferential prices and other means.Secondly,starting from the supply side of energy products,the poor can be engaged in the production of energy products and obtain economic benefits by the precise design of energy poverty alleviation and development projects,so as to get rid of poverty."photovoltaic poverty alleviation" is a representative case of this model.From the practice of energy poverty alleviation in China,there are many problems,such as Energy poverty alleviation randomly,and untargeted identification of the poor people,untargeted assistance measures,inadequate supervision of poverty alleviation fund and projects,low enthusiasm of all subjects to participate,lax or non-compliance with responsibilities,etc.On the law,the reasons can be summarized as follows:Insufficient supply of laws,lack of basic laws and special laws or regulations on targeted poverty alleviation of energy,and poverty alleviation activities rely on policy promotion and lack of policy binding force;the management mechanism is unscientific,the targeted identification mechanism,the targeted assistance mechanism,and the supervision mechanism cannot achieve the “targeted” of poverty alleviation.;imperfect incentive mechanism,insufficient attraction for all participants to participate in targeted poverty alleviation of energy;imperfect accountability mechanism,the accountability are not detailed or missing,leading to some violations can't be punishment.There is no concept of "energy poverty alleviation" in the legislation of the United Kingdom and the United States and other developed countries,but in fact,there are various energy assistance projects for low-income and other vulnerable groups,and they have accumulated relatively mature experience.The practices of the United Kingdom,the United States and other developed countries are essentially consistent with China's energy poverty alleviation,and their successful experience is also of reference value for China's energy poverty alleviation.These experiences are mainly reflected in the following aspects: from the legal system,both the United Kingdom and the United States have established an energy assistance legal system,which provides sufficient legal basis for practice;in terms of content,laws and regulations stipulate the government's responsibility for providing energy assistance to low-income and other vulnerable groups.The energy company have an obligation to help low-income and other vulnerable groups;in operation,the implementation of laws and regulations is guaranteed by incentive and punishment measures,among which incentive measures are important;in terms of regulation,regulatory systems such as regular reporting and information disclosure plays a vital role in poverty alleviation of energy,beyond that special and independent regulatory bodies have been set up to strengthen the supervision of energy assistance.In view of the problems in China's practice,countermeasures are proposed: First,laws and regulations on targeted poverty alleviation of energy should be established and improved;strengthening the build of the basic laws;and special laws and regulations should be established to offer a legal basis for targeted poverty alleviation of energy.Secondly,it is necessary to standardize the management mechanism of targeted poverty alleviation of energy,establish a scientific targeted identification,a targeted support mechanism according to local conditions and a strict supervision mechanism to ensure the operability of targeted poverty alleviation of energy.Thirdly,it is to strengthen the construction of incentive mechanism,mobilize the enthusiasm of the main body to participate,and concentrate financial resources and manpower to solve the problem of poverty.Finally,it is necessary to improve the accountability mechanism,refine the provisions on accountability,strictly investigate the responsibility of the main body for poverty alleviation,and ensure the implementation of targeted poverty alleviation of energy.