Research On The Traditional Welfare Of Miao Nationality And Its Development

In the development of human social welfare supplies main bodies,most of them have experienced a process of family,relatives,friends,neighbors,communities,to social organizations and markets,and finally to state intervention and become the main body of welfare supplies.In the traditional Miao village community,due to historical reasons,economic and social development lags behind,and the social welfare provided by the state or the government is extremely limited.Over the centuries,the family,relatives,friends,neighbors and so on in the Miao nationality community have formed a traditional welfare system which provides life care for the vulnerable groups such as the old and weak.However,with the continuous development of the time,the traditional welfare system gets into trouble under the influence of various factors.On the one hand,the institutional welfare of the state cannot fully meet the welfare needs of the Miao nationality villages,thus it needs the support from the traditional welfare system.On the other hand,the development of the traditional welfare system faces difficulties because of the adverse effect derived from the modernization,marketization and other factors.Literature studies show that academic researches on the traditional welfare is insufficient.This study takes the traditional welfare of Miao nationality as the research object,takes a Miao nationality village in Longlin County of Guangxi as the investigation point,takes Bourdieu's "field-habit-capital" theory as the theoretical perspective,through the combination of literature research and field research,analyzes the main content,production Foundation and development dilemma of Miao traditional welfare,and puts forward the development path.The paper consists of six parts.The first part is the introduction,which mainly explains the background and significance of the research,implementing the literature review and research designed.The second part is an introduction to the basic situation of the survey site—Tian Village.The third part is the main content and basis of the traditional Miao welfare system,which finds that the Miao has five kinds of traditional welfare,including the household welfare,family welfare,friend welfare,neighborhood welfare and village collective welfare,and analyzes them from the aspects of natural environment,economic conditions,relationship,and ethics and morals.The fourth part is the era value and development dilemma of the traditional Miao welfare system.The study finds that it represents the important value in terms of pension,assistance,social integration and the inheritance of traditional culture.At the same time,the development of the traditional welfare system confronts challenges caused by the outflow of the rural population,the weakening of family function,economic development and changes in traditional ideas.The fifth part is the path of the development of the traditional Miao welfare system,which proposes the following paths: rebuilding the mutual network formed by left behind people,establishing a village welfare fund,accelerating the economic development,attracting people back to the village,protecting the traditional Miao culture,advocating the traditional Miao virtues,implementing the national welfare policies and improving the level of welfare of policies supported.The sixth part is the conclusion.