Engels' Understanding Of The New Changes In Capitalist Production Relations In His Later Years And Its Enlightenment

How to understand correctly the view of Engels' new changes in capitalist production relations in his later years is the key to understand marxism and the powerful weapon to criticize the adaptation theory of capitalism.Engels not only adhered to the basic principles,views and methods of marxism,but also developed the marxist theory further.First,this paper starts with the historical background of Engels in his later years as follows:the development of productive forces,the progress of science and technology,the change of bourgeois ruling mode,the improvement of workers' living conditions and the rise of the thought of reform.Second,from the perspective of special production relations,the paper focuses on the key interpretation in Engels' understanding of capitalist production relations,this mainly includes:Engels thought the production of corporation was no longer private and had some characteristics of the social production,fully affirmed its positive role in the economy.The direct contradiction between workers and capitalists had been transformed into the indirect contradiction between workers and professional managers.The cycle of economic crisis was longer than before,and some new factors had emerged to elimination and delay the crisis.But recent changes of capitalist production relation did not mean that the fundamental nature of capitalist production relation had changed fundamentally,nor does it mean that the basic contradictions of capitalist society had changed.Third,on the basis of discussing Engels' understanding of further changes of capitalist production relations in his later years,this paper does further studies on the historical contribution of Engels' s view.First,Engels explained that the emergence of monopoly did not represent the permanence of the capitalist system,and enhanced the marxist theory of " Two Inevitabilities " further.Engels also recognized that capitalism still owned the certain ability to expand itself,clearly put forward the realization of communism "will be the task of the next generation",and improved the marxist theory of " Double Impossibilities".Second,his theory of economic crisis had become an important theoretical basis against Bernstein's capitalist adaptation theory.Third,his theory about monopoly and monopoly organization was the theoretical basis of Lenin's theory of imperialism.Above all,Engels reveals the essence of capitalist relations of production,offering some realistic revelations of the paper.First,it is beneficial for readers to make clear the essential difference between the socialist market economy of Chinese characteristics and neoliberalism.Second,it provides the basic guidance that how to uphold and develop Marxism in the new era.Third,it helps readers to understand the dialectical relationship between productivity and production relations correctly.