A Study On The Ownership Structure Of Contemporary China From The Perspective Of Marx's Theory Of Social Formation

In 1956,China completed the socialist transformation of private ownership,marking the new China's entry into a socialist society.Its basic characteristics are:the elimination of private ownership and the existence of class.The basic national conditions of the low level of productivity development decide that it is not appropriate to eliminate private ownership immediately.The theory of primary stage of socialism redistributes the stage of socialist development in China,which provides theoretical space for the development of private ownership.The ownership reform under the guidance of the theory of the primary stage of socialism makes the ownership structure of our country change from the original single ownership to the with public ownership playing a dominant role and diverse forms of ownership developing side by side.In this regard,the academic community has different understandings,among which,there are two representative views:Firstly,we should constantly improve our basic economic system and move towards a single public ownership.Secondly,we should carry out market-oriented reform,break down the barriers of"state-owned enterprises" and realize the equality of "public" and"private".We must make it clear that the development of private ownership is based on the reclassification of the stage of social development.In a word,the debate about ownership structure needs the introduction of Marx's theory of social forms.Marx believes that social formation and ownership structure have a certain historical development stage,which is embodied as:Primitive society(primitive publie ownership)-Pre-capitalist society(slave ownership,landlord ownership,etc.)-Capitalist society(bourgeois ownership of the means of production)-The primary stage of the transition to the first stage of the communist society(with public ownership playing a dominant role and diverse forms of ownership developing side by side,existence of class)-The advanced stage of the transition to the first stage of a communist society(elimination of private ownership,elimination of the exploiting classes,but not yet elimination of the classes;there are still differences between workers and peasants)-First stage of communist society(elimination of private ownership,exploitation,class and commodity production,distribution according to work)-Advanced stage of communist society(elimination of private ownership,exploitation,class and commodity production,Distribute as needed).On the basis of clarifying the historical orientation of our country,the present ownership structure,namely the ownership structure in the primary stage of socialism,is studied as follows:"public ownership is the dominant position,multiple ownership economy develops together ",and"public" and private" develop together with this restriction.We should adhere to China' s basic economic system and ensure that the development direction of the ownership structure is towards a single public ownership,rather than "complete privatization".We need to criticize the erroneous tendency of eliminating private ownership" and engaging in privatization" at once.On the basis of effectively strengthening the dominant position of public ownership,we should promote China' s socialist construction in new ways and practices,and fundamentally provide Chinese wisdom and solutions for creating a new and better society and realizing a communist society.