The Study Of United States Policy Toward South Asia(1977-1985)

This paper attempts to explain the attitude and assistance measures of the United States to the main countries in South Asia(India and Pakistan)before and after the outbreak of the Soviet Arab war,and then analyze the development context and the reasons for the transformation of the American South Asia policy in this period.The main content of this paper includes the following three parts: the first part mainly describes the origin and development process of the American India Pakistan balance policy in South Asia before the Carter government came to power.The American South Asia policy has gone through several stages,such as the "Commonwealth strategy" period,the active participation period and the balance of power policy bankruptcy.Generally speaking,the main purpose of American South Asia policy is to serve its global containment strategy,which has set the direction for American policy in the whole cold war period.The second part is about the two stages of American South Asia policy in this period: American South Asia policy before and after the outbreak of the war in Afghanistan.When Carter came to power in 1977,the Carter government held highly the banner of human rights and realized the process of democratization of South Asian countries through political and economic assistance to South Asian countries.It actively encouraged South Asian countries to strengthen cooperation and achieve regional stability so as to avoid interference from external forces.It negotiated with the Soviet Union in an attempt to prevent the presence of Soviet forces in the subcontinent and the Indian Ocean.It strengthened nuclear weapons Restrictions on research and development against India and Pakistan to promote nuclear non-proliferation in South Asia.However,the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in 1979 reversed the situation in South Asia.With the introduction of "Carter doctrine",the period of global detente under the cold war between the Soviet Union and the United States ended,and high-intensity tension confrontation came again.The Reagan administration in the 1980 s continued the basic line of the Carter Administration's South Asia policy,and gradually abandoned the weak proposition of the Carter administration,and resisted the expansion of the Soviet Union with a positive military strategy.The Reagan administration started the tough containment policy against the Soviet Union again,and launched a decisive contest with the Soviet Union through the strong aid to Pakistan.The American South Asia policy reflected in the confrontation with the Soviet expansion forces in thisregion.In 1985,with the change of world structure,the Soviet Union sought to withdraw its troops from Afghanistan.The United States has made a new thinking on the strategic position of South Asian countries,and once again has chosen the new balance policy of India and Pakistan under the requirements of the development of the times.The third part mainly analyzes the reasons for the changes of American South Asia policy from the international situation of the confrontation between the Soviet Union and the United States,the restriction of American internal forces and the change of the situation of South Asia subcontinent.From the "insulation strategy" in the 1970 s to the "military strategy" in the 1980 s,this paper clearly shows that under the guidance of the cold war thinking,the South Asia policy of the United States serves its global strategic interests.