A Study Of Fromm's Thought Of Escape From Freedom In The Perspective Of Marxism

Erich Fromm is one of the representatives of the Frankfurt school.He is a famous social psychologist and psychoanalyst.Fromm's dedicated to the study of modern personality structure and the relevant psychological factors and social factors,the relationship between his freedom of the 20th century human predicament has carried on the profound analysis,starting from the individual free condition,analyses the reasons of the modern people to pursue freedom and escape,points out that people "authoritarianism","the destruction of desire","mechanical convergence" three ways to avoid negative liberty,get rid of loneliness and helplessness.He believes that people need to gain strength and security and achieve positive freedom through love and spontaneous activities,which distinguishes them from alienated"one-dimensional people" and robots that lack spontaneity.From the perspective of Marxism,Fromm's freedom is a kind of ideal state and state,but he was too much emphasis on the role of psychological factors on a person's freedom,not fully affirmed the basic role of material production,also did not see private ownership is the fundamental reason to restrict the freedom of the person,ignore the class antagonism,which made him in the attitude to the western capitalist and Marx.Fromm's thought of alienation is humanist and abstract,his idea of realizing freedom through spontaneous activities is utopian,his criticism of capitalism is incomplete,and relying on human spontaneous activities and social changes cannot fundamentally solve the problem of freedom.Fromm's thought of escaping freedom has made a positive contribution to the evolution and enrichment of human cultural spirit in the 20th century,broadening the understanding of freedom issues,enriching the thought of social change,and innovating the method of problem research.Rationality in his escape from freedom thought about people in contemporary society comprehensive free development still has certain revelation,we can by emphasizing the individual value,love and creative activities,and actively promote social change way to alleviate the anxiety caused by social development and progress and helpless,relieve the alienation of loneliness and emptiness,get rid of escape from freedom of chaos and confusion.