Marx's Critique Of Stirner's View Of Freedom

German Ideologyis a great work by Marx and Engels to form the theoretical system of historical materialism,marking the establishment of Marxist historical materialism.The academic research onGermanIdeologymainly focuses on the “Feuerbach” chapter,however,the academia often ignores the “St.Max” chapter ofGerman Ideologywhich covers two-thirds ofGerman Ideology.This part is Marx's critique of the young Hegelian,Stirner and his representative,The Ego and Its Own.The length of Marx's critique on Stirner shows the importance and significance of the latter.So what is it that has drawn Marx's attention to Stirner? This thesis believes that it is “the ego” he proposed,which represents absolute ego,and his pursuit of personal freedom that has drawn Marx's attention.For Marx,although Stirner paid attention to the realistic individual and emphasized the individual's personality and freedom,he was so away from the realistic social relations,still talking about issues that belong to the speculative field,that he couldn't solve these problems well.Stirner opposed to the bondage of man by all universal things and species that are beyond the individual,and was against Feuerbach's view that “Human is the nature of human being”,he proposed that the “I” as a realistic being is above all else,“I” is “the ego”.This thesis mainly clarifies that Stirner's concern and defense of individual freedom under the critique of liberalism,and then puts forward his own understanding of the essence of individual freedom and his “the alliance of egoists” idea of realizing personal freedom.And Marx was divorced from the humanism through Stirner's criticism of Feuerbach and scientifically defined the realistic individual;from Stirner's abstraction of two factors of freedom-the satisfaction of individual needs and the development of personal abilities,Marx achieved a true understanding of the essence of individual freedom in the position of historical materialism,that is,the subject of “unrestrained activities” is the realistic individual.The connotation of “unrestrained activities” is embodied in the actual productive activities of the individual's material living materials;and Marx indicated that the realization of individual freedom cannot rely on the illusory community of capitalist countries,nor can it be Stirner's the alliance of egoists,it should be the true community of the union of free persons.