| Party politics is one of the important products of the continuous development of human political civilization,and is an advanced form of democratic politics.The emergence of political parties and party politics is an important sign that distinguishes the difference between modern politics and traditional politics.The democratic nature of party politics and its special functions determine that party politics is in a very important position in the political development of modern countries,especially in the development of democratization.Egyptian modern party politics originated in the early 20 th century.Egypt had adopted a multi-party system during the constitutional monarchy before the July Revolution.During the Nasser era,the multi-party system was banned and Egypt began to implement one-party system.In the post-Nasser period,Egypt began to implement a limited multi-party system.In the 21 st century,affected by the changes in the international situation,the 25 January Revolution broke out in Egypt,and a new round of democratic transformation began.Since then,the restrictions on party activities have been relaxed,and the first elected president in history has been born.It seems that Egypt has successfully achieved democratic transformation.But the good times didn't last long,one year later,the army overthrew the elected government,took full control of Egyptian politics.With the return of authoritarian rule,Egypt fell into the dilemma of democratic transition.Although the weakness of the Egyptian political party is not the only reason that Egypt is in the dilemma of democratic transition,the strength of the political party is an important influencing factor for the realization and maintenance of democratic transition in Egypt.This paper analyzes the problems of Egyptian political parties from the perspective of the social foundations,the weaknesses and the relationship of Egyptian political parties on the theory of the institutionalization of political parties by American scholar Scott Mainwaring and the dimension of the institutionalization of the party proposed by the Chinese scholar Ye Qilin.The author believes that the lack of social foundations of Egyptian political parties makes it difficult for political parties to integrate the interests of the people,and it is also difficult for the public to achieve political participation through political parties.This is one of the reasons why it is difficult for political parties to promote Egyptian democratic transformation.The lack of Egyptian political party's own organizational structure and political ideas is an important factor that make Egypt fall into the dilemma of democratic transition.Political parties that lack a sound and stable organizational structure are vulnerable to interference from external factors and cannot effectively carry out party activities in a short period of time.The lack of political ideas also makes it difficult for political parties to formulate effective policies in the process of governance.In addition,disorderly competition among Egyptian political parties has largely caused the division of Egyptian society and affected the stability and durability of democratic regimes.The failure of the Egyptian political parties to properly handle the relationship with the government has also largely restricted the role of political parties and affected the democratic transformation in Egypt.It is difficult for Egyptian political parties to achieve high institutionalization in a short period of time,so it is difficult to influence politics and promote democratic transformation in the current situation of the army dominating Egyptian politics.Based on this,Egyptian political parties need to continue to broaden the social foundation,improve their stability,summarize the experience and lessons of power struggles,and strengthen their own power.Without the institutionalization of political parties,it will be difficult for Egypt to escape the dilemma of democratic transition. |
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