Research On Morgenthau's Theory Of Balance Of Power

In recent years,the academic circles of international relations have debated on the role of the balance of power and the explanatory power of the balance of power theory.Some scholars believe that the role of the balance of power is becoming more and more limited,the US hegemony has not been effectively checked and balanced after the Cold War,and accordingly various balance of power theories have become somewhat outdated.Among the existing balance of power theories,morgenthau's balance of power theory is undoubtedly the one with the earliest formation,rich connotation and the most profound influence.Therefore,this paper chooses this theory as the research object and tries to participate in the academic discussion on the balance of power.Morgenthau's balance of power theory is mainly found in his classic book "Politics among Nations" and some of his related works.Based on the interpretation of these documents and referring to relevant research at home and abroad,this paper systematically sorts out and restates the main contents of morgenthau's balance of power theory,traces back and explores the formation process of the theory and its theoretical,historical and academic background,discusses its characteristics compared with the subsequent balance of power theory in the United States,evaluates its main advantages and disadvantages,and then discusses some enlightenment of it to China's diplomacy.This paper holds that morgenthau's theory of balance of power is closely related to his growth experience,historical background and academic arguments involved,and is not only a personalized theoretical expression but also a product of that era.Its theory includes the concept,function,cause of formation,structure,means of implementation and its relationship with morality and diplomacy.It is a theory with complete structure,strict deduction and self-integration.Due to the objective constraints of historical conditions and the subjective constraints of theorists themselves who are determined to serve the interests of the United States,some contents of morgenthau's balance of power theory are outdated and some viewpoints are not suitable for direct application to other countries outside theUnited States.However,its substantive contents,such as the restriction of power by power and the restriction of power by moral consensus,are still alive and have implications for China's peaceful rise in an increasingly tense and complex international security environment.