A Study On The Path Of The Development Of The "Realistic Man" Thought In Holy Family

The “realistic man” thought gained a key direction and ideological spark in Holy Family on the eve of historical materialism.The idea of “realistic man” in Holy Family is developed through the explicit path of criticizing and liquidating the speculative idealism of the Young Hegelians led by Bruno Powell and the implicit path of the inner transcendence of Feuerbach's “nature-based reality man”.Through triple criticism,including the philosophical criticism of liquidating the “chaotic masses” of the Youth Hegelian “Pure Critique”,the economic criticism of exposing the “economic rational man” which the bourgeois political economy insisted,and the social criticism that finally were blended into the communist practice of the proletariat to transform reality,the “objective activities” as the fundamental provisions of the“realistic man” developed deeply.Meanwhile the explicit and implicit paths mutually constructed in parallel open up a new realm of historical materialism for the “realistic man” thought.This article consists of four parts:The first part mainly discusses the appearance situation and standing position of the “realistic man” thought in Holy Family.European capitalism has developed rapidly since the 19 th century and the realistic people in Germany have been reduced to“non-human” subjected to capital domination and feudal oppression.At the same time,the “fallen” Young Hegelians advocated that purely theoretical criticism took the place of real struggle,which misled the workers seriously.The Holy Family came into being as a controversial work,and the contest between the “realistic man” thought and speculative idealism is inevitable.From the standpoint of appearance,Marx experienced three stages from the period of Doctoral Dissertation to Rheinische Zeitung,German-French Annals and Manuscript of Economics and Philosophy in1844 and gradually moved from the worship of “abstract man” to “realistic man” and then to relying on Feuerbach's humanism to make their “realistic man” appear and then to obtaining the fundamental provisions of “objective activity”.The second part analyzes the obvious path of the “realistic man” thought in Holy Family following the fundamental provisions of “objective activity”,with triple criticisms interlocking philosophically,economically and socially.Marx vigorously criticized the “chaotic masses” preached by "Pure Criticism" through clearing and criticizing Powell's self-conscious philosophy and idealist historical view,and then profoundly exposed the deep-rooted dualism thinking mode of speculativephilosophy,which has injected an increasingly solid foundation into the principle of“objective activity”.In response to Edgar Powell's use of translation and annotations to distort the ideas and positions of Proudhon's economic works,Marx punctured the absurd speculative dialectical tactics of critical philosophy against Proudhon's economic thoughts and the positions of those who were out of reality.At the same time,he clearly determines the political and economic boundaries of Proudhon's economic thoughts,and exposes the philosophical premise of the “rational economic man” of bourgeois political economy.Social criticism is the integration of the concrete expression of philosophical criticism and the centralized realization of economic criticism.The principle of “objective activity” of the “realistic man” resorts to the communist practice of the proletariat to transform society.The third part discusses the internal transcendental path of Marx to Feuerbach's“nature-based reality man” hidden under the explicit path and Marx has a preliminary consciousness of the boundaries of Feuerbach's “perceptual objectivity” principle.It is clear that the fundamental stipulation of”people who use practical power” is the principle of “objective activity”.Different from Feuerbach 's emphasis on the man's species-essence,Marx almost put forward the realistic man's production relationship essence of social relationship essence in Holy Family.The fourth part seeks the theoretical value and limitations of the two paths of the“realistic man” thought in Holy Family.The interlocking triple criticisms in the explicit path deepen the development of the fundamental provisions of the “realistic man”,“people who use practical power” become a concentrated representation of“realistic man” and the two paths are mutually constructed in parallel to open up a new realm of historical materialism.But the “objective activity” regulation which Marx emphasized at this time still is on the surface and urgently needed to be deepened.Its humanistic background is still obvious and practical principle is relatively shallow.After the roar on the eve and the difficult divestiture of thought in Holy Family,the “realistic man” thought would eventually be officially grounded in the Outline of Feuerbach and the German Ideology.