A Study On Lenin's Thought Of The Intellectuals' Class Attribute

The issue of the intellectuals' class attribute has traditionally been a key concern in the process of the construction and development of socialist countries.Nowadays,the intellectuals' influence in economic,political,social and cultural fields is more and more obvious.It becomes an important issue that the proletarian party should pay attention to during the course of governing to deepen the understanding of the intellectuals' class attribute and give full play to the role of the intellectuals in the socialist construction.As early as the 1880s,Lenin began to focus on the characteristics and functions of the intellectual group in the revolutionary movement.After the establishment of the Soviet regime,Lenin paid more attention to the role of intellectuals in social construction when facing severe domestic and international situations.However,at that time,there were many contradictions between the intellectuals and the workers and peasants.The Bolshevik Party members also had many arguments on the issue of the intellectuals' class attribute.Lenin had to do some research on this issue.He learned from the theory of Marx and Engels,absorbed the views of the leaders of the Bolshevik Party and the Communist International theorists.Then according with the situation of Soviet Russia,he analyzed the intellectuals' class attribute and made policies towards the intellectuals.In terms of theoretical research,Lenin analyzed the intellectuals' class attributefrom two aspects.He firstly studied the basic principles of class division of intellectuals.Based on the class theory of Marx and Engels,Lenin pointed out that in the process of social transformation,the economic basis is the fundamental principle for dividing the class attribute of intellectuals,and political culture is the supplementary principle.Then Lenin discussed the characteristics and functions of the intellectuals of the different classes.Lenin believed that Soviet intellectuals at that time could be divided into two categories: petty bourgeois intellectuals and proletarian intellectuals.The composition of petty bourgeois intellectuals was diverse and complex.And according to its political and cultural awareness and other factors,the petty bourgeois intellectuals can be divided into populist intellectuals,revolutionary intellectuals,liberal intellectuals and other types.In the process of Soviet-Russian socialist revolution and construction,petty bourgeois intellectuals played an important role in supporting economic development,consolidating the Soviet regime and innovating culture while proletarian intellectuals' roles are guiding revolution,managing state institutions,guiding politics and spreading communist culture.As for the practical perspective,Lenin explored in two ways.One is that Lenin believed that the Bolshevik Party should transform the values of petty bourgeois intellectuals,support bourgeois experts to exert their technological advantages in industry and agriculture,guarantee the treatment and social status of national teachers,provide the necessary funds and research sites for intellectuals to engage in scientific research,raise the wages of intellectuals and at the same time treat anti-Soviet intellectuals severely,so that intellectuals can faithfully serve the proletarian regime.Lenin also believed that the Bolshevik Party should cultivate the proletarian intellectuals.So it is important to enhance the literacy level of the proletarian workers and peasants,enhance the class consciousness of the proletarian intellectuals and cultivate socialist successors.Lenin's thought and practice on the intellectuals' class attribute have directly affected the Bolshevik party's understanding of the intellectuals,guided the policies towards the intellectuals in the early period of Soviet regime and produced the newideas of cultivating the intellectuals from the proletarian party.Lenin's thought not only influenced the subsequent socialist construction of the Soviet Union,but also had a profound impact on the world communist movement,especially on the Chinese Communist Party.In the contemporary era,the study on Lenin's thought on the intellectuals' class attribute could still bring a lot of enlightenment to the socialist construction of Chinese characteristic.We should keep the unity of theory and practice in dealing with intellectuals,keep the combination of scientific knowledge education and ideological and political education.The last not the least,we should deal well with relationship between the Communist Party of China and intellectuals.