Research On The Historical Conversion Of The Thought Of Early Luk(?)cs

The early stage of Lukacs discussed in this paper refers to the period from the beginning of his literary career in 1900 to the publication of History and Class Consciousness in 1923.During this period,Lukacs's thoughts experienced complex changes and different stages of development.After the founding of the Hungarian Communist Party in late November 1918,Lukacs joined the party in early December This event is undoubtedly the most important in the early development of Lukacs's thoughts.There are two reasons.One is that after this event,Lukacs changed from a romantic anti-capitalism philosopher to a Messianic revolutionary Marxist.The other is that shortly after becoming a Marxist,Lukacs finished History and Class Consciousness,which is regarded as the Bible of Western Marxism and has a great influence on the German intelligentsia.However,by researching the process of Lukacs's early thoughts transformation,we can see that there are many hidden factors that needs to be paid attention to.Before becoming a Marxist,Lukacs's thoughts experienced several important changes which is easy to be ignored.If we compare History and Class Consciousness to a towering tree,the early development of his thoughts is its supporting roots.If we want to probe into History and Class Consciousness deeply,we must date back to the Early LukacsIn this sense,the development and transformation of Lukacs's early thoughts can be divided into three periods as follows:First,the period of Neo-Kantism.Around the turn of the 19th and 20th century,with the developing industrialization in German,the positivism became prevalent.The intellectuals like Lukacs began to reflect on the modern life,which made Neo-Kantism as a trend of thought popular.Starting from the theory of value and the emancipation of art,Lukacs tried to find a way to solve the modern crisis in terms of the personal feeling on art.In History of the Modern Drama,which is written ghhhhhof Simmel's cultural philosophy,he focused on the harm of the spread of objective culture to the subjective culture.It was the beginning of Lukacs's study of form.Under the influence of Lebensphilosophie,existentialism and romanticism,in Soul and form,his focus shifted from the state of object to the experience of subject,emphasizing the gap between soul and the world,which is luckacs's further exploration of form.During this period,Lukacs's works intended to identify contradictions and crises in the capitalist society.It was this kind of thinking and pursuit of ontological logic that constantly impelled Lukacs to convert from Neo-Kantism to Hegelianism,from form to history;after the outbreak of the World War I,most European intellectuals became extremely crazy about the war,while Lukacs took an extremely isolated anti-war position.Desperate for the era of crisis,Lukacs wrote The Theory of the Novel,reflecting the influence of Bloch's philosophy,Dostoevsky's ethics and Kierkegaard's religious thoughts,which shows that Hegelianism with historical dimensions entered Lukacs's theoretical research horizon;although The Theory of the Novel represented Hegelism transcended the Neo-Kantism,that is,revealed the direction of solving problems,but failed to provide practical methods and breakthroughs.At this time,the victory of the October Revolution opened the door to the new world for Lukacs,after experiencing the dilemma of the ethical problems,he finally realized that only when the initiative subjects made the final ethical choices following the principles of the second ethics,can the crisis of modernity be solved.Regarded the Proletarian as a realistic reference for the initiative subject based on Utopia-proletariat,Lukacs propelled the criticism of reification to the criticism of social life,and created History and Class Consciousness,reflecting on the theoretical problems of the revolutionary movement.Finally,Lukacs gradually found his way to Marxism,meanwhile,created the tradition of Western Marxism.