The Survey And Research On The Factors Influencing The Willingness Of The Western Normal Students Teaching In The Rural Areas

The balanced development of education in urban and rural areas is not only the focus of people's livelihood,but also the urgent need for realistic development.The key point of realizing the balanced development of urban and rural education is to improve the development level of rural education.The key lies in teachers,whose core is to gather high level teachers in rural areas.At present,there is a serious shortage of the teachers in the remote rural schools as well as the teachers of some certain subjects with higher chance salaries.Normal students are the main force of rural teachers' supply.How can we effectively encourage and promote normal students to teach in the poor western regions? First of all,we need to know the wills of teaching in the countryside from the current normal school students,and what factors will influence their wills to teach in the countryside,in particularly the wishes of these teachers from the colleges and universities in Chinese western regions.The students who study in the Chinese western normal universities are more familiar with the natural and humanistic environment there,and more understand about the shortage problems of rural teachers.Therefore,by using the relevant field investigation and empirical test,this dissertation studies the current situation about the teachers' wills to teach in the Chinese western remote colleges and universities and about the influence factors of their wills,then this dissertation provides suggestions to encourage the teachers from the Chinese western colleges and universities to actively teach in the rural areas,in addition this dissertation provides the recruitment reference of teachers in the western poor areas.Base on the theory of compensatory wage differentials,this study adopts a multi stage sampling method.According to the 11 lumped and contiguous poorest areas,where are in accordance with the document “The Demonstration about The List of The Lumped and Contiguous Poorest Areas” that published by the State Council of the Poverty Alleviation Office,this dissertation selects 5166 normal college students from the Chinese western colleges and universities to obtain the relevant empirical data through the questionnaire and investigation.The results show that 59.4% of the normal college students in western universities are willing to go to the rural areas,and only 12.8% of them are willing to go to the countryside for more than 3 years.By using the Dual Logit model to explore and verify the factors that may affect the wills,the results show that the individual characteristics,family factors,school factors,rural disgust,wage and policy factors,and professional identity of teachers have significant influence on the wills of teaching in the rural areas.Further,the influence factors are different when the students in western colleges and universities are divided into groups such as liberal arts,science and technology,art and physical education.Finally,based on the results of empirical research,the following policy suggestions are put forward:(1)To further improve the salary and the welfare of rural teachers.(2)To increase the understanding and advocacy efforts of rural teachers' supporting policies,and continue to implement and improve the policy of encouraging normal college students to teach rural areas.(3)The new recruited teachers should tilt to the local normal college students,so as to cultivate localized teachers in local normal universities.(4)The western normal universities carry out actively teaching practice activities in rural areas,and establish linkage mechanism with the rural schools.(5)To improve the teaching and living environment of rural schools.