The Theory,Measurement And Empirical Research Of Labor Value In China

Since the reform and opening-up policy in 1978,the average annual growth rate of China's gross national product has reached 9.8%.China's economic development has attracted worldwide attention.However,with the rapid rise of the domestic economy,some deep-seated contradictions have gradually emerged and deepened,such as environmental pollution,shortage of resources,overcapacity and so on,which have become an important obstacle to the sustainable development of China's economy.At the moment,China's economy has entered the key period of structural reform.How to properly solve the internal contradictions in China's economy and complete the transformation of China's economic growth model is the primary task of the current economic development of China.And this is inseparable from the in-depth implementation and persistence of Marx's theory of economics.Labor is the essence of Marx's economics.The theory system of Marx's economics and even the whole science of Marx's theory is the logical starting point of analysis and research by labor.It can be said that Marx's economics is a labor based economy.The development of Marx economics must start with further research and understanding of labor.In this paper,Marx's theory of labor value is the theme.First,the principle of labor measurement and its theoretical basis,principle,development and application have been combed,studied,analyzed and used for reference.Second,according to the basic principles of Marx's economics,the value of labor value is quantified by literature analysis and theoretical deduction,and the standard expression of the value of unit commodity labor is deduced by input-output model,so as to provide a theoretical framework for scientific labor measurement.Third,the empirical study of unit labor value is used to calculate and compare labor value between sectors in China and Japan.Fourth,an empirical analysis is made on the relationship between the unit labor value and the organic composition,the degree of monopoly and the scale effect of the departments,and the theory is verified and the relevant conclusions are obtained.Fifth,put forward conclusions and suggestions based on the theory,measurement and empirical analysis.The main conclusions of this paper include:(1)The labor value represented by the output of the industrial unit is equal to the total labor input required by the output of the unit currency,namely,the direct labor input,the labor input needed for the production of raw materials and the labor input needed for the production of fixed capital.(2)From 2002 to 2014,the labor value represented by the output of industrial units in China and Japan is a whole,and the labor value represented by Chinese unit output has been declining steadily year by year,while the labor value represented by the unit output in Japan is in a downward trend,and the labor value of China is far higher than that of Japan,but this is the same as that of Japan.The gap is decreasing year by year.(3)From 2002 to 2014,the labor value division represented by the output of various industrial units in China and Japan is compared.Chinese and Japanese real estate business,coke,refined petroleum products manufacturing and telecom industry are in an unequivalent exchange position,while China's agricultural sector is in a disadvantageous position of unequal exchange,and Japan's textile and apparel industry and retail trade are in a disadvantageous position of disadvantageous exchange.(4)Based on the national conditions of China,Marx's law of value has been re understood.The relative labor value of Chinese agroforestry,mining,traditional manufacturing,transportation,catering and accommodation has a negative correlation with the relative output price,while the equipment,telecommunications,computer programming,information services and computers,electronics and light are produced.There is a positive correlation between relative labor value and relative price in products,manufacturing and other industries.(S)The organic composition,the degree of monopoly and the scale effect of the departments are all negatively related to the labor value,which indicates that the improvement of labor productivity in a certain production sector of China should be based on three aspects:the expansion of capital investment,the improvement of the level of monopoly and the effect of the release of scale.For the first time,the quantitative empirical analysis of Marx's value theory is of great significance to the development of Marx's labor theory of value.As one of the core issues of capitalist economic research,there is less empirical research on labor value and more continuous research and innovation.