The Sports Biomechanical Analysis Of The Side Kicking Techniques Of The Elite Female Sanda Athletes

Research purpose:The side kicking is one of the most important kiching in Wushu sanda.It can not only be used for attack,but also to block the attack of opponent.It is particularly critical in competitive competition.However,the research on the side kick is not perfect at present,so it is imperative to study it.In view of the importance of side kick technology and the current research of sports biomechanics,this research through the comparative analysis the effect of Female Sanda athletes and ordinary Sanda Athletes in the middle and high side kicking(dominant leg)striking the China Kung Fu Force Technology.In the experiment,we designed the test conditions to imitate the environment of the competition,including conditions of signal and non-signal ones.There are two conditions of signal,such as lighting condition beating and sound conditional beating.There are two kinds of side kicking techniques: the middle and high side kicking.the middle side kicking technology is to simulate the beating of the opponent's abdomen.The high side kickin is to simulate hitting the opponent's head and attack the opponent.To explore the difference between athletes in different levels of Female Sanda in hitting high and middle side kicking,it is providing theoretical basis and technical guidance for scientific training of Sanda.Research objects and methods:The Elite Female athletes were from the Sanda Team of Shanghai University of Sports.The ordinary group athletes are the students of the Sanda Team of Shanghai University of Sports and the special class of Sanda,all of which are the two level athletes of the state.Through the literature,expert consultation,experimental and mathematical statistics to lay a scientific method for the study.The portable leg strength test system,Noraxon system,wireless EMG test system,pendulum system,motion analysis system and color high-speed camera were used for the synchronous test.The pendulum data,EMG data of the subjects were collected.Research results:1 In the elite group,the average force of the middle side kicking is 3852 N,the peak force is 4513N;the average hitting strength of high side kicking is 3130 N,the peak value is 4116 N.In ordinary group,the average force of the middle side kicking is3371 N,and the average force of high side kicking is 2571 N.The elite group in six under the conditions of the side kicking of beating were higher than the ordinary group.2 Under light signals and sound signals in the middle side kicking and the light signal in high side kicking,the reaction speed of the elite group were faster than the ordinary group.The date show that the reaction speed under condition of the sound signal faster than light signal;in other words,to improve the reaction speed of movement,the auditory stimulation may be better in stimulation of visual system.Correlation analysis between reaction time and body weight(table 4-15),found that in the elite group has extremely significant difference(p=0.001),in the ordinary group has significant difference(p=0.032).It also showed that the reaction speed of athletes with small weight is faster and consistent with the conclusions of current academic research.3 The action time of the elite group is smaller than that the ordinary group.Under light signal and non-signal,the high side kicking have significant difference(P= 0.019,0.023).From this,it can be seen that the time of movements in the elite athletes are shorter than those of the ordinary groups,indicating that the movements of the elite athletes are faster.In the same condition,the movement speed of the middle side kick speed is faster than the high side kick;in the same height of the side kick,the action time(non-signal)> action time(sound)> action time(light),thus,the action speed in the condition of light signal is faster than the action speed of sound signal and non-signal.4 In the whole movement speed of the knee and ankle,elite group were higher than the ordinary group.By multivariate analysis of variance,such as table 4-20 and4-21,It shows that level and height has extremely significant effect on knee movement speed(P =0.000,0.000);the level have extremely significant effect on speed of ankle(p=0.000);height has significant differences(p=0.041).5 The more than the effective range tables of the elite group and ordinary in the middle side kick and high side kick found that in the pendulum hitting,all knee ankle acceleration is over effectively range of equipment;and in the air strike,only 21.4% is more than the effective range.In other words,side kick action has certain differences between hitting target and air strike;with the side kick hit the target,the whole process pursuit more speed;and then side kick in the air strike,hitting stage pursuit more speed.6 In the elite group and the ordinary group,IEMG of the middle side kick is relatively stable;the larger IEMG are the external oblique muscle,the rectus femoris,the lateral vastus muscle,the medial part of the gastrocnemius muscle and rectus femoris(supporting leg).In the excellent group and the ordinary group,of the high side kick leg is relatively stable;the larger IEMG are the external oblique muscle,rectus femoris,and the leg muscles of the supporting leg.7 In the elite group and the ordinary group,the muscle contribution rate of the middle side kick is relatively stable,the larger contribution rate of muscle is external oblique,rectus femoris,gastrocnemius medial head and rectus femoris(supporting leg).In the excellent group and the ordinary group,the larger contribution rate of muscle of the high side kicking were the abdominal oblique,the rectus femoris and the anterior tibial muscle.8 The characteristic of the activation order of the middle side kicking is the activation primarily of the muscles at the waist and the thighs,secondly the activation of the calf muscles.The order of high side kick in the excellent group is: the muscles on the side of the supporting leg ? the thigh muscles?the waist muscles ?the calf muscles,but there are some differences in the activation order of the high side kick in the ordinary group.Research conclusion:1 The force of side kick in elite group is more than the general group.The force of the middle side kick is more powerful than the high side kick.It has extremely significant correlation between the strength of the lower limb and force.2 Small weight athletes react was more quickly than others.To improve the speedof reaction,and training of the auditory system may be better than the the visual system.3 The speed of the elite athletes is faster than the ordinary athletes,and speed of the middle side kick is faster than the high side kick.In the side kick with the same height,the action speed of the light signal faster than the voice signal and the non-signal.4 In the side kick,the speed of the knee and ankle in the elite group is faster than that in the ordinary group.The speed of the excellent group is higher than the ordinary group in the knee joint and ankle joint speed at the knee lifting stage.5 In side kick technique,the larger IEMG were the abdominal external oblique and the rectus femoris.the larger contribution rate of muscle is the abdominal external oblique and rectus femoris.6 The characteristic of the activation order of the middle side kicking is the activation primarily of the muscles at the waist and the thighs,secondly the activation of the calf muscles.The order of high side kick in the excellent group is: the muscles on the side of the supporting leg ? the thigh muscles?the waist muscles ?the calf muscles,but there are some differences in the activation order of the high side kick in the ordinary group.