Kinematics Analysis Of Multistage Technical Movements Of Amateur Runners At 5,000 M

Objective: This study intends to test the kinematics of 5,000-meter amateur runners in order to explore the characteristics of the kinematic parameters of the multi-stage technical movements of the amateur runners,and to compare and analyze the similarities and differences between the two groups of athletes with different levels of performance.It aims to provide reference for endurance running scientific training.Participants: Eighteen men who participated in the 5,000-meter race were amateur runners of the Orienteering Team of Shenzhen University.According to the differences in athletes' competitive level and the needs of this study,they are divided into two groups: excellent group and ordinary group.All subjects had no history of injury in the lower extremities for six months.There were no factors affecting the normal running posture.The anatomy of the body was normal,and all of them had certain endurance running levels.Methods: In this study,the JVC high-speed camera was used to perform two-dimensional fixed-point video capture of 18 athletes in a multi-stage,equidistant,13-point sample at a distance of 5000 meters.The distance between them was 400 meters.The first sampling point is 50 meters,and the other sampling points are 450 meters,850 meters,and 1250 meters.The videos of the sampling points at each stage were taken respectively,and the German Simi-Motion video analysis system was used to collect and analyze the kinematic data such as the length of the multiple steps,the multiple step time,the support time,and the angles of the joints of the lower extremities.Using Microsoft Excel 2007 software to summarize,collate and calculate,the data are uniformly expressed in the form of mean ± standard deviation.SPSS23.0 was used to perform statistical analysis of variance on the sorted data.Multiple comparisons of kinematic data at different sampling points were performed using LSD method for statistical processing.The statistical significance of all statistical tests was set to a=0.05,P<0.05 was a significant difference,and P<0.01 was a highly significant difference.Research result:(1)After starting,with the increase of fatigue,the double-step time of the two groups of athletes gradually increased until the sprint phase of the long-distance sprint was greatly reduced;the step-time sprint of the excellent group athletes had nosignificant difference,but the step-time of the ordinary group athletes had very significant difference.(2)After the start of the two groups of athletes,the support time of the lower limbs is reduced,but with the increase of fatigue,the support time is prolonged,but it is also decreased in the latter part.On the whole,the support time of the excellent group is shorter than that of the ordinary group;The support time of sampling points has a very significant difference.(3)After the start,with the increase of fatigue,the length of the two steps of the two groups of athletes gradually decreased;the final sprint stage increased;the length of the complex steps at different sampling points did not have significant differences;the step length of the excellent group of athletes was longer.(4)The joint angles of the lower extremities of different groups of athletes were compared at the same sampling point.There was a significant difference between the7 th and 10 th sampling points of the ankle joints at the instant of touchdown.The hips and knee joint angles of the lower limbs at the moment of maximum cushioning were in the 7th and the 7th.Significant differences were found at the 10 sampling points,and the ankle joint angle was different at the 11 th sampling point,and there was a significant difference between the 2nd and 7th sampling points in the momentary knee joints.During the middle run,the angles of the hip and hip joints of the excellent group when the support legs touch the ground and the maximum cushioning moment are smaller,and the knee joint angle is larger;the hips,knees,and squatting angles at the moment of the ground lift are greater.(5)The performance of the two groups of athletes together showed that there was a significant difference in the angles of hip and ankle joints in the lower extremities between the moment of touchdown and the maximum buffering moment during partial phases of the whole process,and the knee joint angle was relatively stable throughout the entire process.(6)During the support period,there was a significant difference in the angles of hips,knees,and ankles among the excellent group athletes in the whole sampling point.The hip and knee joint angles of the general group athletes had significant differences in the whole sampling points,while the angles of the ankle joints were relatively different.stable.Conclusion:(1)Throughout the 5000-meter race,athletes' spatial and temporal parameterswill change.The on-the-scene run mainly includes the extension of the double-step time and support time,and the decrease in the length of the multi-step step.The kinematic indicators of these changes can be used to determine the biomechanics of sports fatigue.The excellent group athletes have longer re-stepping ability and shorter touchdown time is one of the reasons for the difference in level.(2)At the beginning of the starting stage and the final sprint stage,the temporal and spatial characteristics of the technical movements of the two groups of athletes and the angles of the joints of the lower limbs all changed significantly.(3)In contrast,the excellent physical distribution and rhythm adjustment of the excellent group athletes are more reasonable,the angle of the joints of the lower extremities after start is relatively smaller,the structure of the lower extremities movement is maintained better during the middle and middle run,and the sprinting ability in the final stage is stronger.The technological structure of the support period is more scientific and less susceptible to fatigue.