The Analysis Of Senior Secondary Education Choice And Differences In The Rate Of Return

Generally speaking,the main characteristic of China's employment problem can be summarized as "high growth and low employment".With the globalization of economy,specialization is becoming more and more sophisticated,and there is more and more demand for highly skilled professionals in society.At present,China faces the major challenge that transform from "manufacturing power" to "manufacturing power",but in reality,since 1991,the pull function on the employment of China's GDP growth compared with the 80 s had significantly lower,suggesting that China's economic development has no corresponding impact on employment growth,and the employment structure presented a serious irrationality.First,as a result of upgrade industries,the developed areas in China has higher demand on the skills of workers,but the supply of skilled workers is difficult to keep up with the needs of economic growth,leading to the phenomenon of "skilled worker shortage" Secondly,The structure adjustment of Chinese economy makes labor shift from primary industry,secondary industry to the tertiary industry,and labors that cannot adapt to the tertiary industry will be unemployed.Generally,the surplus labor force lacks the employment skills and the employment ability is weak,it is difficult to realize the surplus value.In this case,Our country need more professional and technical labor which have received vocational education,not only to facilitate them to full employment,but also to meet the needs of employers,makes the human capital quantity and structure can adapt to the current economic growth.Therefore,it is urgent to develop professional education and accelerate the training of highly skilled talents."Building education power is the foundation project of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation",according to the 19 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China.Proceed from the reality,strengthen our obligation to strengthen education and strengthen our professional education,so what the effect of vocational education for residents,and what are the differences between town and country,these problems are very worthy of studying.In this background and on the basis of relevant theories,this article uses the data of CHIP2013 survey data to comparate the education income return difference between vocational education and ordinary high school,and contrasts two sets of samples for urban and rural areas at the same time.The PSM method was used to control the problem of sample selection bias in order to obtain relatively accurate estimation,The study found that the returns of professional education were higher than the ordinary high school education in both rural and urban areas,and the difference of return rate was higher in cities than in rural areas.The Probit model was then used to analyze the factors affecting the selection of medium education type,The result shows that background can influence the selection of education type.Finally,we used the model of the mincer income equation to do regression analysis of the education rate of return in ordinary highschool,professional education rate of return,college and above education rate of return in urban and rural areas respectively.The results showed that,no matter what education type is,the income rate of the cities was always higher than the rural area,among which the colleageand above >ordinary highschool > vocational high school.This also shows that the group that chose education in the ordinary high school is largely a choice given the high expected rate of return of income.This paper holds that,in the context of the current employment problems and the large gap between urban and rural incomes,China must attach importance to the development of vocational education and increase education investment.Especially the allocation of education resources in rural areas,so as to alleviate the current trend of excessive and even polarization of urban and rural income distribution.To provide sufficient high-tech talents for enterprises,to guarantee the sustainable development of China's economy.