Study On The Lack Of Social Insurance For Employees In New Economic Format

The lack of social insurance is a new social problem with the continuous application of Internet technology in the economic field.At present,the domestic and foreign academic circles have not only few achievements,but also low level.In this paper,based on the theory of social insurance,labor relations theory and relevant laws and regulations,taking Meituan take-out rider in J province S city as a case,a comprehensive and in-depth study has been carried out on the lack of social insurance for employees in new economic formats through literature research,investigation,questionnaire to test the formal investigation and further in-depth interviews.With the continuous expansion of Internet technology in the economic field,new business formats of the economy have been developed rapidly,and the number of employees has been in a state of explosion in recent years.According to Meituan's takeaway rider employment report for 2018,2.7 million riders earned income from Meituan takeout in 2018.Alibaba research institute has estimated that China's participation in the "gig economy" is about 110 million people,which is expected to reach 400 million people by 2036.However,the reality is that the lack of social insurance for employees in the new economic formats is quite serious,mainly in the aspects of endowment insurance,medical insurance and work-related injury insurance."Meituan" was established in 2010.Its initial business model is O2 O group purchase,which is engaged in catering,food,hotel accommodation,film performance,travel and other businesses."Meituan takeout" is an online food ordering platform under Meituan.It was officially launched in November 2013 and entered the food delivery market.After just five years of development,Meituan takeout has become the "leader" in the field of takeout and a hot industry for many young people to choose.According to our survey results,up to 29.17% of the interviewed riders themselves and meituan platform did not pay any insurance or provident fund.Even the social security of insured riders(" five social insurance and one housing fund ")is very inadequate.According to the distribution of four types of insurance that the riders can pay by themselves,67.65% of the riders have paid medical insurance,ranking the first.Secondly,endowment insurance and accidental injury insurance were ranked second with 36.27% and 27.45% of Meituan takeaway riders paying motor vehicle/third party insurance.Through in-depth analysis of the investigation data,we found that the main reasons for the lack of social insurance of Meituan riders include the following aspects: from the perspective of workers,Meituan takeout riders are in a weak position,with weak sense of rights and interests and weak ability to safeguard their rights;Due to the chaos of industry management,no standardized labor relations and career development system has been formed.Meituan takeout rider occupation legal security system is missing and so on.However,many domestic scholars mainly analyze the reasons for the serious lack of social insurance for practitioners in China's new economic formats from the two levels of individuals and the government,which mainly include two aspects: first,at the individual level,practitioners choose rationally and voluntarily give up participating in social insurance.Secondly,at the government level,the lag of relevant laws and regulations makes it impossible for enterprises and their employees to follow.Based on their analysis of the two reasons for the serious lack of social insurance for employees in new economic formats,they put forward the corresponding countermeasures to solve the problem: First,employees in new economic formats should improve the awareness of social insurance rights and responsibilities,and actively participate in the insurance;Second,the government should formulate laws and regulations on social insurance for employees in new economic formats in a timely manner,so that individuals and relevant enterprises have laws to follow.Although it is reasonable to solve the problem of lack of social insurance for employees in new economic formats proposed by domestic scholars based on practical observation and rational analysis,most of them lack the support of field investigation data,so they need to be revised and improved.Based on the case investigation of Meituan takeaway riders,we believe that the lack of social insurance for employees in China's new economic forms can be solved from the following aspects: 1.Individual level.Employees of new economic formats should strengthen their learning level,constantly improve their professional skills,and enhance their awareness of occupational safety and rights protection.2.Institutional level.We will formulate and improve the legal social security system for food delivery professionals and establish a more flexible mode of payment and use of social insurance.3.At the enterprise level.We will improve the enterprise qualification standards for platform enterprises,takeaway shops and third-party delivery companies that hire takeaway riders,and raise the entry threshold for enterprises.4.Government level.We will establish a sound professional safety certification system for riders and strengthen government oversight and restraint.In a word,the research of this paper not only has certain theoretical and academic value for the construction of social insurance theory and labor relations theory with Chinese characteristics in contemporary China,but also has certain practical guiding significance for solving the problem of social insurance deficiency of practitioners in new economic formats such as Meituan takeout.