| Chinese learning is the foundation for native language learners to learn all subjects,especially in primary education.Chinese textbooks are the basis of Chinese teaching and learning in primary schools.Therefore,it is necessary to study the distribution of words in primary Chinese textbooks.This paper takes the whole set of primary Chinese textbooks published by People's Education Press as the research object.Comprehensively use the word quantity statistics,word frequency statistics and positional order investigation method,to analyze the word quantity,word type,word frequency,frequency segment distribution,and word order.Compare the word species,high-frequency words with partial vocabulary in the textbook to check whether the words in the textbooks have the characteristics of commonness,basicity and normativeness.Based on these statistics and analysis results,the evaluation of primary school Chinese textbooks is made,which is conducive to the scientific and pertinent study of primary school Chinese textbooks.The first part mainly sorts out the research literature of the textbook,and then puts forward the research questions,the research objects and the research methods and research significance of this paper.The second part is devoted to the statistical analysis of the number of word types.Firstly,the text content of the research is manually entered into the computer system to form the raw corpus,and the computer software is used to segment the raw corpus.Secondly,the manual proofreading is performed to formed the mature corpus.The number of words,word types,and new word types of each volume,grade and schooling stage were counted,and the textbook was compared with the "Modern Chinese Vocabulary".It was found that the number of words and words type both fluctuated greatly among textbooks,especially volumes 9-12;the increase of new words among textbooks was not stepped from less to more;77.58%words of the textbooksare common words.The third part statistical analyze the word frequency.Through the statistics on the word frequency of each volume,grades,schooling stage,and total of 12 volumes,to investigate the distribution characteristics of high-frequency words and low-frequency words and frequency segments in primary Chinese textbooks.And compare the high-frequency words of teaching materials with the words of "Three thousand common vocabularies in modern Chinese".Through systematic analysis of the data,it is found that the number of high-frequency words is small and highly concentrated,and the number of low-frequency words is large and the widely distributed.Some of the high-frequency words,commonly used basic vocabulary,are not included in the textbook.The fourth part investigates the order of the words.The word types in textbooks are labeled with three-dimensional order,and the word frequency statistics data mentioned above are combined to analyze the arrangement of high frequency words and low frequency words,so as to study whether the order of words in the overall arrangement of textbook is reasonable.The results show that the order arrangement of high-frequency common words is more reasonable;The order arrangement of some low-frequency words is not suitable;Some of the words that will be eliminated by the information age appear in the lower grade textbooks.The fifth part summarizes this article.On the basis of previous studies,this paper makes statistics and analysis of the textbook vocabulary system from three aspects:word quantity,word frequency and word order.To some extent,this paper examines the characteristics of commonality,foundational,standardization and scientificalness.And this paper provides some reference for the compilation of textbooks,teachers' teaching and the study of language norms. |
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