A Study On The Influence Of Evidence Assessment Ability In Preschool Children

For the research of the influence of evidence evaluation ability of preschool children on reasoning,there are many studies at home and abroad such as self-exploration,experimental results from others and the effect of the testimony of witnesses on children's scientific thinking ability.But the question that how the three aspects interact each other and how they influence the scientific thinking ability of preschool children hasn't got the precise answer.By experimenting,the purpose of the study is to investigate the complex influence of the witness' s testimony,others' experiment and self-exploration on reasoning of 5-6 year-old children.We adopt 2×2 design,and the the elements among the testees are the confidence degree of the testimony(two levels: confidence and non-confidence).The inner elements are the exploration result of children(two levels:same as the testimony,same as the others' experimental results).In the course of the experiment,the subjects were randomly provided with contradictory evidence,witness testimony,experimental results of others and evidence of independent experimental results.The effect of child causal reasoning is the same as that of others.The result shows that 5 year-old children can infer the causality by integrating the three aspects.Either under the condition that the result of self-exploration is same as the witness' s testimony but is contrary to the others' experimental result,or the result of self-exploration is same as the others' experimental result but contradicts the testimony of witnesses,there is no dramatic difference between children who trust confident testimony the and children who trust non-confident testimony.Children are not sensitive to witnesses' confidence.The result not only enriches the theoretical content of the development of children's scientific thinking ability,but also provides the referential basis for our preschool teaching.It also bears the practical guiding significance to our teaching.As for the way that teachers evaluate children's reasoning ability,the teachers should lay down the suitable teaching targets by combining the children's characteristics of physical and mental developing,use appropriate instructional design,foster the habitof self-exploration of children and promote the development of children's scientific thinking ability in practice.