The Effect Of Stress On Attention Bias Of Middle School Students:the Moderating Role Of Psychological Suzhi

In people's daily life,there is a lot of news,including positive and negative news.If a person can process and extract key information quickly and effectively even in a complex external situation,he or she can respond quickly and correctly in order to survive.When facing with all kinds of information,people will quickly focus on the negative threat information and have a sensitive attention bias to negative information.Therefore,most of the studies on attention bias are carried out from the perspective of negative characteristics.Researchers not only study negative threat information,but also take special individuals with negative characteristics as the research object.They seldom study ordinary individuals with positive characteristics.In recent years,researchers generally believe that attention bias is not only accompanied by symptoms or manifestations of some mental disorders,but also an important reason for the occurrence and recurrence of these mental disorders(Hayes,Hirsch,& Mathews,2010).Therefore,the research on the influencing factors of attention bias has become the focus of restoring and protecting mental health.By reviewing the relevant research in this field,we found that stress,psychological suzhi and the presentation time of stimuli have an impact on individual attention bias(Zhang,2016;Arnsten,2009;Koster,et al.,2005).Among these factors,psychological suzhi,as a positive trait,is an endogenous factor and plays a decisive role in maintaining individual mental health(Wang & Zhang,2012a).Thus,exploring the relationship between psychological suzhi and attention bias has become the focus of current research.However,most of the studies on intentional bias focus on the special individuals with negative traits(especially college students who are easy to obtain),and separately study the effects of stress,stimulus presentation time and other factors on attention bias.Few studies have systematically examined these factors,not to mention the relationship between stress and attention bias in the positive traits of ordinary individuals.Therefore,this study to investigate the effect of stress on attention bias and the moderating role of psychological suzhi of middle school students,and whether the moderating role will change with the change of time.This study includes three sub-studies.Study 1 investaged the effects of adolescent life events on the positive and negative attention bias of middle school students' psychological suzhi and the moderating effect of psychological suzhi on them by questionnaires.In Study 2 investigate the effect of middle school students' psychological suzhi on attention bias of emotional information under stress or not by using the point detection paradigm.Study 3 adopted the experimental method,selected the spatial clue paradigm,using positive,negative and neutral pictures as experimental materials.The effect of middle school students' psychological suzhi on attention bias of positive and negative pictures was investigated under stress conditions.The results of this study are as follows:(1)Psychological suzhi moderated the relationship between stressful life events and attention bias of middle school students.As far as the positive attention bias is concerned,with the increase of stress events,the positive attention bias score of middle school students who was in high-level of psychological suzhi does not change significantly,while the positive attention bias score of middle school students who was in high-level of psychological suzhi decreased significantly.As far as negative attention bias is concerned,with the increase of stressful life events,the increasing rate of negative attention bias score of high suzhi students is significantly faster than that of low-suzhi students.(2)Psychological suzhi only moderated the relationship between stress and negative attention bias of middle school students,but did not moderate the relationship between stress and positive attention bias of middle school students.The scores of negative attention bias of low-suzhi middle school students in stress-free situations are significantly higher than those in stress-free situations,while the scores of high-suzhi middle school students in stress-free situations are not significantly different.(3)In the absence of stress,low psychological quality shows attention avoidance to positive pictures,while high psychological quality shows attention avoidance to negative pictures.Under the stress situation,both students with high and low psychological suzhi showed attention avoidance to negative pictures.(4)The moderating role of psychological suzhi in the relationship between stress and attention bias of middle school students varies with time.When the presentation time of stimulation was 100 ms and 500 ms,psychological suzhi played a moderating role in the relationship between stress and attention bias of middle school students.When the remaining time of stimulation was 1250 ms,psychological quality had no moderating role in the relationship between stress and attention bias of middle school students.(5)When the time of stimulus presentation was 100 ms,high-suzhi middle school students showed a directional acceleration of attention to negative information under stress.When the stimulus presentation was 500 ms,low-suzhi middle school students showed attentive avoidance of negative information in the non-stress situation.When the stimulus presentation is 1250 ms,the low psychological suzhi middle school students had the difficulty in disengagement to the negative information under the stress situation.