The Influence Of Public Service Satisfaction On Residents' Fertility Willingness

As the improvement of productivity and society,residents' fertility concepts and motivations have changed significantly.In the past,because of the lack of investment and saving channels,child-bearing could satisfy the demand of intertemporal consumption to keep smoothly consuming.When suffering from financial issues or diseases at old age,children would be responsible for offering help.Besides,the increasing of production relied on labor forces.So child-bearing could produce more labor forces and promote total production,which leaded to high fertility rates and fertility intention.During these years,a downward trend was showed on fertility intention.One possible consequence is the function substitution between public services and child-bearing,since old-age security,medical security and based-life security had replacement on saving and security functions of child-bearing.In traditional views,the boy has responsibilities on taking care of parents at their old ages and rolling generations,which drives boy preference in child-bearing.However,gender ratios have dropped during recent decades and the amount of male and female tend to be balanced.This phenomenon is possibly correlated with popularization on basic education,improvement on culture construction and social security.The substitution effect between public services and boys might possibly has great significance on weakening gender preference.In the context,it shows great meanings to explore the relationships between number of willing birth,gender preference and public services.The research will be started from the perspectives of number of willing birth and gender preference and explore how the satisfaction on public services effects fertility intention.From this research,we find that the improvement of satisfaction on public services crowd out people's fertility intention.If the satisfaction increases one unit,number of willing births will decrease 0.42.Otherwise,the improvement of satisfaction decreases the probability of boy preference,while it has no correlation with girl preference.We also find that the influences of public services are different in groups.For residents who are childless,if the satisfaction increases one unit,number of willing births will decrease 0.47.For jobless women,the improvement of satisfaction on public services will crowd out the number of their willing births,while there is no correlations between satisfaction and number of willing births for those women with jobs.The difference is caused by different orientation for themselves.This research has great values on policymaking.Satisfaction on public services plays a key role on the transformation from traditional fertility concept to modern concepts.Governments should focus more on old-age security and medical,such as improving old-age security and related infrastructures,coordinating the medical services level in both downtown and rural area,proposing equality concepts between male and female,promoting child-caring services to reduce women's pressures on child-bearing.Only by these measurements,can we achieve the modernization of fertility concepts.