Study On The Wage Gap Between Migrant Workers And Urban Workers

Since the reform and opening up,along with the rapid development of the economy and the change of ownership structure,China's labor market has undergone profound changes.In the process of large-scale labor mobility,migrant workers have made great contributions to the construction of urbanization.But at the same time,there are many problems in the process of urban labor market employment of migrant workers,especially the wage gap between migrant workers and urban workers has aroused widespread concern at home and abroad.The reasons for the wage gap between migrant workers and urban workers can be divided into two categories,one is due to the difference in wages caused by the differences in the characteristics of the workers themselves,and the other is due to the wage gap caused by discrimination.The purpose of this study is to explore the wage difference caused by the different status of migrant workers and urban workers under certain conditions such as human capital(education,work experience),occupation,gender,type of enterprise,and region.Firstly,the author constructs the theoretical model of the causes of the wage gap between migrant workers and urban workers,and makes a comprehensive analysis from the perspective of economics and social system.Then,based on the database of Chinese nutrition and health survey(CHNS),this paper makes an empirical analysis of the wage gap between migrant workers and urban workers.The empirical part is mainly divided into three steps:the first step,based on Mingsaier's human capital equation for regression analysis.The results show that household registration factors will have an impact on the wage level of workers.Compared with urban workers,the increase of migrant workers will reduce the overall wage level.The second step is to use the Blinder-Oaxaca method to resolve the causes of the wage gap.From the average point of view,the impact of the difference in income return between migrant workers and urban workers caused by labor market discrimination is gradually shrinking.In the third step,considering the heterogeneity of the workers,the reason for the wage gap was decomposed by the use of fractional regression,and the wage gap between the low wage income,the middle income,and the wage gap between migrant workers and urban workers within the high-income groups was decomposedThe empirical results show that the impact of discrimination is decreasing year by year,but it is still the main reason for the wage gap between migrant workers and urban workers.The large wage gap is not conducive to the construction of social equity,so the wage gap caused by discrimination must be reduced as much as possible.Based on the conclusion of theoretical analysis and empirical analysis,the following six opinions are put forward in this study:increasing the investment of education capital to ensure the fairness and universality of education;We will increase the training of enterprises in related skills,improve the ability of migrant workers to find employment and obtain high incomes,and improve their work skills Improve the role of trade unions,strengthen labor supervision,and put an end to the appearance of injustice;Pay attention to the construction of fairness,improve the social security system,and protect the fundamental interests of vulnerable groups;Gradually abolish the household registration system,adopt unified resident system management,and eliminate discrimination against migrant workers from the root causes;We will find the right location,encourage the coordinated development of large,medium and small cities,and rationalize the distribution of the labor market.