Study On The Influence Of Diversity Training On The General Physical Fitness And Special Sports Performance Of 12-13 Year Old Swimmers

Research purpose:During the training of youth swimming athletes in recent years,there are some problems: First,non-man-made controllable problems,such as the shortage of swimming training venues in most district and county sports schools,and the contradiction of athletes' learning and training;Second,the artificial training concept of coaches think that youth swimming athletes must conduct swimming training courses at least six times a week,otherwise it will affect the competitive level,including "premature specialization" training,single training techniques,boring and other related problems.All these problems are the limiting factors for the scientific and sustainable development of swimming training for teenagers.Considering the Shanghai Jingan District Junior Sports School on the above issues,the actual situation and the swimming athletes of Junior Sports School are in the early stage of youth training,and the concept of diversity training is introduced,that is,to make full use of the existing space resources of juvenile physical education schools;adapt to local conditions,teach students according to their aptitude,train systematically,develop physical fitness in an all-round way,combine swimming special training methods with basketball and aerobics training to find suitable training load and improve training quality.We propose a method of reducing the number of swimming training courses 6 times to 4 times a week,adding 2 non-special project training courses,and exploring the possible effects of diversity training on improving the performance of 12-13 years old swimming athletes' general physical fitness and special sports.Research methods:The diversity training planning design is carried out according to the actual situation of the Shanghai Jingan District Junior Sports School and the characteristics of the growth and development law of the diversity training.This paper mainly uses literature,questionnaire,experimental research and mathematical statistics to study the influence of diversity training on the special sports achievement of 12-13 years old swimming athletes from two aspects(general physical fitness and swimming special achievement).We randomly divided 20 swimming athletes aged 12-13 from the Shanghai Jingan District Junior Sports School swimming team into control group and experimental group for a 24-week intervention experiment from the end of April to the end of October 2019.Among them,10 members of the experimental group carried out swimming training 4 times a week,basketball training 1 time,aerobics training 1 time;10 members of the control group only carried out swimming training 6 times a week.Before and after the experiment,each of the 10 players in the experimental group and the control group were tested.The data were processed and analyzed by SPSS25.0 statistical software and Microsoft Excel 2019 software,and the test results were expressed by P value,t value(double sample and other variance bilateral t test),mean value and standard deviation.Research results:1.Through the evaluation of the expert validity test table of "diversity training study on the influence of 12-13 years old swimming athletes general physical fitness and special sports achievement ",experts think that the diversity training model(basketball aerobics training combined with swimming special training)method is reasonable,novel idea,effective results,in line with the regular characteristics of youth growth and development,worthy of reference and reference by all kinds of sports school coaches at all levels.2.According to the questionnaire,the results show that more and more swimming coaches and athletes agree with and are willing to try a variety of training models.3.Statistical analysis showed that before the experiment,general physical fitness test data was compared between two groups(experimental group and control group)athletes and P the value was greater than 0.05(there was no significant difference between the two groups),which indicated that the general physical fitness of the two groups(experimental group and control group)athletes were at the same level.after the experiment,the range of general physical fitness test scores of athletes in the two groups(experimental group and control group)was compared by statistical variance test.the results showed that the P value of most physical fitness test items was less than 0.05(with the exception of 30 s of two people flying,30 s of curls and 400 m of running,the P value of three tests was greater than 0.05,but the average of the increase in the experimental group was larger than that in the control group),which indicated that of the experimental group increased significantly.4.Statistical analysis showed that before the experiment,the data comparison results of the swimming special scores of the two groups(experimental group and control group)were greater than 0.05(no significant difference between the two groups),which indicated that the swimming special scores of the two groups(experimental group and control group)were at the same level.After the experiment,the range of the improvement of the swimming special score of the athletes in the two groups(experimental group and control group)was compared by statistical variance test,which showed that the P value of the results was less than 0.05,which indicated that the improvement of the special score in the experimental group was more obvious than that in the control group.Research conclusions:1.Diversity training can improve the general physical fitness and special sports performance of swimming athletes aged 12-13 years old,which is one of the important training methods to achieve excellent results.A reduction of 2 swimming special training courses per week and an increase of 2 non-special training courses will not affect general physical fitness and special sports performance.2.Diversity training has diverted athletes from non-specialized training from the total number of swimming-specific training participants,which has reduced the congestion of the swimming pool.3.Diversity training means increase the interest of athletes in training,which enriches the content of physical fitness training and attracts more athletes to participate in training,thus widening the selection of athletes.