The Influence Of Cue Change On Perception Prediction Of Badminton Players At Different Levels

Perceptual prediction refers to the process in which an athlete uses the existing clues to predict the upcoming events or actions during the normal competition or training.Badminton as a cross-net class competition sport requires a variety of skills and tactics.The ball is fast,and movement differentiation is small and yet has to be consistent.The characteristics of this sport require the athletes to have good perceptive prediction ability,to take the initiative in the game,to fight for the control in the game.From the perspective of sports cognition,this study adopts the "expert-novice" research paradigm,and uses the backcourt drop ball technique of badminton as an example.We use the observation cue information as the entry point,and study the influence on the perceptual prediction of badminton players at different levels by adjusting the amount of cues and changing the nature of cues.Experiment 1 adopts a mixed experimental form in which two kinds of players of different levels are respectively observed under four kinds of cue quantity.It uses the traditional time blocking technology to change the cue quantity so as to explore the influence of different cue quantity on the perceptual prediction of players at different levels.The four kinds of cue quantity here are 40 ms before the racket touches the ball,the moment when the racket touches the ball,40 ms after the racket touches the ball and 120 ms after the racket touches the ball.A total of 38 subjects participated in the experiment,including 19 novices and 19 experts.The results show that experts can make effective predictions either when only the body cues are available or when the body cues are incomplete,while the novices need to get a lot of relevant cues.Under the same cue condition,the accuracy of perceptual prediction is higher and the reaction speed is faster.Experiment 2 adopts a mixed experimental form in which two kinds of players of different levels are respectively observed under two cue properties.Using occlusion technique for reference and combining the time blocking technology with space blocking technology,the experiment discusses the influence of different cue properties on the perceptual prediction of players at different levels.The two cue properties here include the match between the player's body movements and the ball's flight trajectory after striking the ball(i.e.consistent cue),and the conflict between the player's body movements and the ball's flight trajectory after strikingthe ball(i.e.inconsistent cue).A total of 38 subjects participated in the experiment,including 19 novices and 19 experts.The results show that the improvement of accuracy after the racket touches the ball may be attributed to the integrity of body cues in the expert group and the emergence of flight cues in the novice group.By analyzing the results of Experiment 1 and Experiment 2,and combining with the actual situation of badminton,we can know that special balls(or cue conflicts)often appear in the game,and at this time,the ability to discriminate the cues is the premise for the players to make perceptual predictions on the field.In order to verify the ability of players at different levels to distinguish cues in the process of perceptual prediction,this study further uses the measurement method to calculate the discrimination index—d'.A total of 39 subjects participated in the survey,including 20 novices and 19 experts.The results show that under the condition of complete information,the processing ability of the expert group is higher than that of the novice group.Under the interference of the cue noise,the expert group is better than the novice group in distinguishing whether the cues have a conflict(s).The research conclusions are as follows:(1)Players with rich specific sports experience show obvious perceptual prediction advantages either when only the body cues are available or when the body cues are incomplete,and this advantage increases with the increase of information.This indicates that high-level players have strong information processing ability by which they can effectively read body cues in perceptual prediction and make more use of body cues.(2)When the cue property changes,compared with non-experienced players,the experienced ones have higher cue discrimination ability,which is reflected in their unique processing and identification ability of body cues,thus ensuring the accuracy of perceptual prediction.