Research On Cognitive Processing Characteristics Of Perceptual-motor Skills About Badminton Performers

Our acquisition of complex skills is different from other organisms.All of the specific activities such as calculation, language; chess, computer programming, and sculpture are learned skills. It is not expected that people become experts in certain areas in the history of human evolution. The essence of people's talent is such plasticity.——John R. AndersonThe perceptual-motor skills as an important component of competitive ability refers to ability which individuals determines what is currently occurring and what is going to occur within external and internal environment through an internal mechanism for processing of specific ,and are a kind of problem-solving process. Excellent perceptual motor skills are an important standard that measure an exercise experts, sports experts are compared with novices exercise, expert's decision-making and action memory accurate and fast, and studies have shown that such skills can through purpose training to enhance, and it is very important for sports such as badminton project in express and changing scenario in the exercise, and it is great benefits to terms of athletes and sports experts to explore the growth. Therefore, the study of perceptual motor skills has become active scientific fields, and become the forefront cross-study of cognitive psychology.In this study, we found through relevant perceptual-motor skills research and theoretical literature review carding that the current research in this area there are still some shortcomings and inadequacies. First of all, in theoretical studies, there is no detailed theory to describe a complete expert on the sport from novice the essential character. Secondly, in the method of research, even though time and space shielding methods widely are used, but study validity is possible improved with psychology efficiency equipment. Furthermore, in the scope of the study, a lot of perceptual-motor skills are down information processing, but information processing of the most important element - working memory - are often overlooked by sport psychological researchers. Finally, in applied research on, even though studies have shown that video simulation training can improve perceptual-motor skills of practitioners, but there is still controversy that improve or enhance the experts or that novice.Therefore, this article will be the main flow of human information processing, a reference to build on previous studies of basic perceptual-motor skills ,and constructing cognitive processing theoretical model, and pointing out that part characteristics experts distinguish from novice of perceptual-motor skills are that experts acquire excellent vision strategy and working memory capacity. There form system and the overall awareness the special context of information processing of badminton learners, and on the basis of it, explore a special perceptual motor skills training problem. Conclusions of the study are follows:The results of one test showed that in the complex task conditions, experts' expectative speed is faster than novices; the amount of information was the main influencing factors of experts'expectative accuracy. Experts are better than novices in visual search efficiency, particularly in complex tasks. Experts are more compact than novices in visual search model, savings and focus, particularly in complex tasks. Experts and novices are of major concern with holding the racket and the film arm in the visual search distribution, but in a complex and a high amount of information task, experts are more concerned about the market and venue location than novices.The results of second test showed that containment of working memory influenced by task difficult and amount of case information, in round two tasks, working memory performance of simple task is better than the complex task of working memory performance. Regardless of easy or complicated task, the experts'working memory span is better than novices. In the speed of extraction, the experts are superior to novice.The results of third test show that the badminton experts'working memory associative ability is better than novices.The results of fourth test showed that special video simulation training can improve response speed and accuracy of perceptual-motor skills of badminton practitioners predict, especially for the novices.Based on the above findings, the main theoretical contributions of this thesis are: First, this study from the perspective of action and developmental psychology explain the perceptual-motor skills, and increase understanding and awareness of the nature of perceptual-motor skills of, and make up the previous understanding of perceptual -motor skills single-oriented cognitive psychology. In this study, at the basis of previous studies on the one hand, research from the motor skills to start combing the perceptual motor skills in real terms, on the other hand combination of cognitive psychology to build a theoretical model of cognitive processing, develop and improved theory of perceptual-motor skills. Secondly, this study, Along the main line information processing psychology, has expanded the scope of perceptual motor skills related research, no doubt, in the information processing, working memory should not become a neglected aspect, and this article conducted the theoretical study of on the relationship between working memory and selective attention, from the point of departure, this study makes up deficiencies in the sport cognitive psychology research. Finally, in the visual search and access to training expertise, this study has also increased the border of research, especially in regard to access to research of expertise, pointed out that the video simulation training on the perceptual-skills to enhance the role, so that broaden the channels of perceptual training.