Position Physical Fitness Characteristics And Training Strategy Of Football Based On Factor Analysis

Physical fitness is the basis of all sports.In modern professional sports,different sports have different physical characteristics and requirements.In some field ball games,the physical requirements of different positions are not the same.With the development of professional competitive sports,athletes' physical training is more scientific and more targeted.How to correctly carry out targeted training according to the player's personal position and position responsibility,and know "how to practice,how much practice?" Will certainly let the player be able to display the level better.In this paper,from the physical requirements of each position of football players,the characteristics of scientific and practical positional physical fitness are studied,and the basic strategies of positional physical training are given.The main conclusions are as follows: The positional physical fitness of football players refers to the corresponding load capacity of players in different positions to complete their own position responsibilities in the game.The characteristics of positional physical fitness include three parts: body shape,body function and physical quality.The three constitute the positional physical fitness system,and there are great differences,dependence,complementarity and hierarchy among the three.The research shows that football players have obvious position characteristics in body shape,body function and physical quality.From the aspect of body shape,the weight order of height,weight and Quetelet index is goalkeeper > guard >forward > vanguard;from the aspect of body function,it is divided into aerobic ability and anaerobic ability,the weight order of aerobic ability index is avant garde > forward > guard >goalkeeper;the order of anaerobic ability is goalkeeper > forward > guard > avant-garde.In terms of physical fitness,the speed of forwards is the fastest,the endurance of avant-garde is the strongest,and the strength of defenders and goalkeepers is the largest.Through factor analysis and weight calculation formula,the contribution rate of body shape,body function and physical quality three first level indexes,12 second level indexes and 56 third level indexes are obtained.The weight calculation formula is constructed and the structure of athletes' basic physical fitness index is obtained.The physical structure characteristics of goalkeeper's position: the body is tall and strong.In terms of physical function,anaerobic capacity is the main.In physical fitness,we must have the core physicalquality of reaction speed,explosive force and anaerobic endurance.The physical structure characteristics of the position and physical fitness of the guard are as follows: the body shape is tall and strong;on the body function,the anaerobic ability and aerobic ability are relatively balanced,and the anaerobic ability is relatively prominent;in terms of physical quality,more attention is paid to the explosive force of body strength and the speed of starting sprint.The physical structure characteristics of avant-garde position should have better body shape with better body fat rate,higher level of aerobic capacity,and position quality characteristics of high-intensity running ability,aerobic endurance and good strain ability.The physical structure characteristics of forward position: height and weight in body shape;strong anaerobic ability and good aerobic ability in physical function;core characteristics of fast sprint,explosive leg power and anaerobic endurance in sports quality.The physical training strategies of athletes in different positions are as follows:The main indexes of upper body energy of goalkeeper position are reaction ability,leg strength,anaerobic ability,agility and flexibility.Therefore,in training should be to improve the reaction speed,leg strength,appropriate training anaerobic ability,agility and flexibility.Goalkeeper's position physical characteristics have the most distinctive requirements.For the position of the guard,the focus of physical training should be on explosive force,sprint speed,aerobic endurance,flexibility and agility.For the avant-garde physical training,focus on accelerating running speed,aerobic endurance,adaptability,flexibility,agility,strength training requirements.In the physical training,the forward should focus on the core qualities of sprint speed,explosive force,anaerobic endurance,flexibility,agility and so on.