Analysis Of The Urban Traffic Running Characteristics Based On Taxi GPS Data

With the continuous deepening of reform and opening,the level of economic development in our country is gradually increasing,and the accelerating urbanization process has brought a surge in the urban population.Although the development of urban transport has facilitated the travel of residents,the negative effects it brings can not be ignored.The traffic congestion in large and medium-sized cities is constantly highlighted,the urban traffic accidents occur frequently,and the damage of traffic pollution on the social environment and residents' health is growing.Therefore,it is imminent to study the operational characteristics of urban traffic and to solve the related problems encountered in the development of urban traffic.The theory of complex network is a common research method to describe,analyze and optimize the complex system.Many scholars have used the theory of complex network to study the urban public transport network,metro network and aviation network,construct the relevant network model,analyze the characteristics of network structure and put forward the method of optimizing the network.Based on the previous studies,this paper uses the theory of complex network,takes Nanchang urban traffic network as the research object,and discusses some theories and practices.Urban traffic network of Nanchang is a typical dynamic complex network.To understand its essence and running mechanism,it not only needs to study its static topology,but also should combine with traffic flow information to further analyze the the operating characteristics shown by the network.Based on the taxi GPS data of Nanchang on workday and holiday,this paper uses a series of error analysis and data processing methods,matches the taxi GPS locus data and GIS electronic map with the shortest distance algorithm and extracts taxi travel information of starting points and ending points.At the same time,different clustering methods are compared,then K-means clustering method with manual designated clustering center are used to divide the traffic regions in Nanchang and to establish the OD matrix.By constructing the urban traffic weighted directional complex network model based on taxi GPS data,this paper chooses the characteristic indicators such as out-degree and in-degree and their joint distribution,node intensity and edge weight,weighted clustering coefficient,weighted average distance and weighted betweenness to analyze,and compares the indicators of weighted network with un-weighted network,compares the indicators of workday with holiday,then finds the operational characteristics of urban traffic.In this paper,using complex network theory combined with the statistics and analysis of complexity-related indicators,it can be found that Nanchang taxi travel network is a typical urban traffic complex network with larger clustering coefficient and smaller average path length.It has the typical small-world characteristic and collectivization features,and the average distance accords with the power law distribution,the node intensity distribution of the network accords with the characteristics of few large values and many small values.According to the operational characteristics of Nanchang urban traffic,this paper puts forward some relevant optimization suggestions,which have certain theoretical and practical significance for further excavating the evolution law of urban traffic complex network,optimizing and adjusting traffic control and urban road network.Although Chinese urban traffic network construction has made remarkable achievements,there are still some constructive issues.The complex network theory is used to analyze the urban transport network based on taxi GPS data to explore new ideas for urban transport construction in the future and to provide new methods and new ways to find a breakthrough in further promoting urban development.