An Analysis Of The Income Gap Between Genders In China

As an important manifestation of inequality in income distribution,gender income gap exists in many fields such as economy,society and politics in our country.Efforts to eliminate the gender difference in income in the labor market are not only conducive to the realization of socialist equity but,more fundamentally,also can improve the operation efficiency of enterprises and promote the rapid and healthy development of economy.However,which factors lead to the gender income gap? And which income level has the greatest gender income gap? Based on the data of China Social Comprehensive Survey from 2013(CGSS2013),this dissertation analyzes the distribution of gender income gap among Chinese urban residents at different income levels through RIF regression analysis,and discusses the influence of occupational gender segregation factors.The results of this paper show that: firstly,most of the reasons of the income gap between male and female are from discrimination,and the occupational gender segregation has a great impact on the income gap.Secondly,by decomposing overall gender income gap at the selected quantile,we found that the gender income gap in 2013 was U-shaped on the 10-position interval distribution,i.e.“glass ceiling” effect and “sticky floor” effect exist.But the gender income gap is bigger at the top of the logincome distribution,which can be considered as powerful evidence of the “glass ceiling” effect.In terms of geographical zoning,however,“glass ceiling” effect and “sticky floor” effect are obvious in the eastern region.Thirdly,the gender income gap are further entered into regression analysis,which decomposes the gap into each detailed variable revealing the occupational gender segregation has a certain ability to explain at the high score.Specifically,the coefficient of the top management at the 90 points is positive and occupational gender segregation increases the income gap between men and women,therefore,gender segregation may explain part of the “glass ceiling” effect.Fourthly,married female suffer more discrimination at selected quantile,whereas those working in the state sector suffer the opposite.The theoretical contribution of this dissertation lies in the fact that there are many theoretical studies and empirical analyses on the factors influencing the income gap between men and women,but few scholars discuss the influence of occupational gender segregation on the income gap.The realistic significance of this paper lies in: discrimination is the major factor for the income gap between male and female,and occupational gender segregation has a great impact on the gap.At the same time,there exists a strong “glass ceiling” effect in our country from the perspective of income distribution.These findings provide strong support for designing more scientific and fair labor employment system,shaping benign labor market environment,giving reasonable treatment to female and narrowing income gap between genders.