Study On The Factors Influencing The Spatial And Temporal Variations Of Production Water Use In China

With the overall advancement of industrialization and urbanization,the rapid population expansion and regional economic development have increased the demand for water resources.The pressure on China's water environment has been prominent,which has become the bottleneck restricting China's economic and social development.In recent years,China's water use has shown a clear upward trend,with a high proportion of water used by the production sector in China's total water use.In addition,water use structure has been also compatible with regional economic development.In order to alleviate the problem of water resources in China,the government has promoted to construct a water-saving society and implemented the most stringent system for managing water resources.It is of great practical significance to thoroughly study the factors that influence the changes in China's production water use and differences of production water use between regions.It will provide an important basis for all regions in China to accomplish the goal of total water use control,and to implement water conservation policies in the new era.At first,based on the inter-provincial water resource-economic input-output tables for 2002 and 2012,structural decomposition analysis(SDA)method considering the regional structure of final demand are used to study the influencing factors of the changes in production water use in China during the period of 2002-2012.And then based on the single-regional input-output table for 31 provinces and cities in China in 2012,spatial-structural decomposition analysis(S-SDA)method are used to identify the differences in production water use between regions.The results show that:(1)Under the combined effect of economic growth and technology progress during the period of 2002-2012,China's production water use has generally risen.China's production water use is mainly distributed in Xinjiang,Jiangsu,and Guangdong provinces,and the main production water use sectors are agriculture,forestry,animal husbandry and fishery,gas and water production and supply,and production and distribution of electricity and heat sectors.(2)The effect of economic scale dominates the increase in production water use,while the technical effect is the most important inhibitory factor.Among factors influencing the economic scale,the effects of sectoral structure and distribution structure of the final demand have a significant inhibitory effect on the growth of production water use in China.The consumption level and the population scale effects are the key factors that drive the increase of production water use in China.The overall change in regional economic structure is not conducive to the reduction of production water use in China.(3)In 2012,the production water use of each province in China does not match the size of the population and GDP.There is a big difference between the share of production water use and the total output share in most provinces.The amount of production water used in each province depends not only on the size of the economy but also on the characteristics of each region.In 12 provinces such as Xinjiang,Jiangsu,Guangdong,and Heilongjiang,the amounts of production water use are higher than the national average level.Among them,the difference in average amount of production water use between the Beijing-Tianjin region and all other regions is largest.And the average amount of production water use in the Beijing-Tianjin region is less than that in all other regions.(4)The technical effect and the final demand effect are the main factors for the difference of production water use between provinces and the national average level,and the average production water use between regions.Among factors influencing the economic scale,the effects of population size and consumption level on the difference in average amount of production water use between Beijing-Tianjin region and other all regions are the greatest,followed by the effect of final demand sectoral structure.The effect of population size or consumption level is proportional to the difference in population size or consumption level.