The Industry Situations,Existing Problem And Countermeasures Of The Development Of Fruit Tree Nurseries In Qinhuangdao

The nursery stock is the material basis for the development of fruit tree production,and the nursery stock industry is one of the ways to promote peasant revenue increment.There was a great deal of advantages to develop fruit tree and nursery stock industry in Qinhuangdao,while there are also many restraining factors.Finding out the basic situation and main problems of the fruit tree industry in Qinhuangdao and then putting forward the countermeasures focusing on these problems will be of great significance for the sustainable development of the fruit tree industry.In this essay,the fruit tree and nursery stock industry in Qinhuangdao had been analysed by data analysis and field research,and the overall situation of the development of the fruit tree and nursery stock industry in Qinhuangdao was basically mastered.15 nursery stock enterprises were selected to conduct in-depth researches on the current situation of enterprise operation.On this basis,the main problems existing in fruit tree and nursery stock industry in Qinhuangdao were found out,and corresponding development suggestions were put forward based on these problems.The main results are as follows:1.After recent several years' development,the scale,specialization and industrialization of the fruit tree and nursery stock industry in Qinhuangdao have been formed preliminarily.The six traditional trees,including grapes,peaches,chestnuts,walnuts,apples and cherries,take the dominant position.And forming the advantageous and specialized pattern of Changli county grape and peach seedling production,Lulong County walnut seedling production,Qinglong Manchu autonomous county apple and chestnut Seedling production.Nursery stock production is the most concentrated in Zhuzhuangzhuang in Changli county and Luozhangzi in Qinglong,which are two nursery stock specialized village.At this stage,the nursery stock production enterprises in Qinhuangdao are developing rapidly,and the production form of nursery stock companies and nursery stock cooperatives accounts for more than 50% of the whole fruit tree and nursery stock industry.By the end of 2017,the production area of fruit tree and nursery stock in Qinhuangdao amounts to 20470 Mu,including grapes(7220 acres),apple(3255 acres),peach(2901 acres),pear(1870 acres),walnut(725 acres),chestnut(2776 acres).The total output value of fruit tree and nursery stock amounts to 0.432 billion yuan,of which more than half of the nursery stock production enterprises' annual output value is more than 1 million.The production activity of nursery stock is mainly based on manual operation by middle-aged and old people.There is such a situation in which the level of mechanization is generally low and professional and technical personnel are seriously inadequate.The cost of personnel and land accounts for more than 60%.The market of fruit trees and nursery stock in Qinhuangdao is mainly for the local,surrounding areas and the western regions of China.2.The existing problems of fruit tree and nursery stock industry in Qinhuangdao are mainly manifested in five aspects.First,the level of industrialization of fruit tree and nursery stock production is relatively low.At this stage,though nursery stock enterprises in Qinhuangdao have begun to take shape,most of them are still family oriented which was badly lack of large-scale modern nursery.Technology is relatively backward and has not yet entered the industrialization stage.Second,the breeding program of the good breed is insufficient standard,which mainly manifests in the lack of the test link of the introduction,the lack of strict spiking nurseries and the lack of the quality test of the quality of nursery stock,so that it is difficult to guarantee the purity of the breed and the quality of the nursery stock.Third,the market of nursery stock is rather chaotic,whose specific performance is that the market supervision is weak,the "three certificates" management is not sound,the protection of new seed rights is not paid enough attention,and the quality standard of the nursery stock is inadequate.And it leads to the uneven quality of the nursery stock and nonstandard of the market trading.Forth,brand effect is not obvious enough,especially the brand awareness and the protection mechanism are not sound,leading to the fact that the local excellent varieties in the nursery stock market is less wellknown and the enterprises don't have their own famous brand.Fifth,the service system is not sound enough,mainly due to the lack of fruit tree and nursery stock industry association,inadequate technical service of the government and inadequate government supervision and restriction.It brings the consequences of the lack of policy support and promotion to fruit trees and nursery stock,the lack good ways to upgrade technology and the channel of industrial upgrading for for nursery stock producers.3.In view of the existing problems,five suggestions for development are put forward.First,promoting the process of industrialization and struggle to improve the competitive power of fruit tree and nursery stock industry through the ways like fostering of the leading enterprises,establishing professional cooperatives and promoting the alliance of small and medium-sized nursery stock.Second,through standardizing the test of the introduction experiment,cultivating the technical system and laying down the quality standard,strictly executing the good multiplication procedures to ensure the purity of the varieties and the quality of the nursery stock.Third,to solve the lack of "three certificates",the protection of variety rights,and network information platform and other key problems,to rectify the market order and ensure the healthy development of the fruit tree market.Forth,creating an environment for those enterprise to develop their own brands.To focus on cultivating the local brand,promoting the famous brand,improving the reputation and economic benefit of the local brand in the fruit tree industry by carrying out the quality seedling selection meeting,brand reward and so on.Fifth,perfecting the government function,strengthen the market supervision and finally perfecting our social service system through the establishment of the seedling industry association and other forms.