Research On The Poor Rural Households' Livelihood Capital Evaluation And Influencing Factors In The Background Of Rural Tourism

In order to successfully establish a well-off society and build a modern socialist country,our country proposed to implement rural revitalization.However,getting rid of poverty is a prerequisite.At present,the important role of rural tourism in poverty alleviation has been widely recognized.And with the deep implementation of precision poverty alleviation,accurately identifying the poverty of rural households has become the key,but the improvement of rural tourism on the poor rural households' livelihood capital has not been further analyzed.Therefore,it is of great significance to explore the impact of rural tourism on the poor rural households' livelihood capital,which can help to improving the livelihoods of poor rural households,reducing the livelihood vulnerability and achieving rural revitalization.Based on the overlapping areas of Chongqing Three Gorges reservoir area and the Wuling Mountain Wulong District and Fengdu County,this paper selects six sample villages from different modes of rural tourism poverty alleviation.Based on field surveys,systematically analysis the changes in the livelihood capital of poor rural households and the influencing factors in the context of rural tourism.Based on poverty households' survey data and socio-economic statistical data,drawing DFID sustainable livelihoods framework,this paper firstly analysis the socioeconomic characteristics of poor rural households and village-level conditions.Then by building evaluation system,contrastive analysis the livelihood capital status of poor rural households before and after rural tourism development.Finally,based on the binary Logistic regression model building,this paper discusses the influencing factors of poor rural households' livelihood capital.Studies shown that:(1)Under the disturbance of the external factors of rural tourism,the socio-economic characteristics of poor rural households have changed.The family characteristics are better than before the development of rural tourism;poor rural households can receive skills training,mostly 1 or 2 times a year,and the opportunities are slightly less;poor rural households can build agritainment,sell agricultural products and play odd jobs to participate in rural tourism,but the level is relatively low.The poor rural households who participate in rural tourism for more than half a year in one year account for only 11.4%,and who participate in rural tourism within six months account for 88.6%(of which 44.3% don't participate).So the time is short.At the same time,rural tourism has also affected the village-level conditions.The local community has actively improved the village roads and production roads,making travel and production more convenient.After the development of rural tourism,processing enterprises in the village have increased less.(2)The total values of poor rural households' livelihood capital before and after the development of rural tourism was 0.2612 and 0.2995 respectively,all lower than 0.5,showing relatively high vulnerability.However,the total value of poor rural households' livelihoods capital increased significantly after the development of rural tourism.It also showed the relative lack of financial capital,human capital and physical capital,and the relative abundance of natural capital and social capital before and after the development of rural tourism.(3)Before and after the development of rural tourism,the human capital,natural capital,material capital,financial capital,and social capital index of poor rural households were 0.03,0.0681,0.0264,0.0329,0.1037,and 0.0389,0.0703,0.0268,0.0392,and 0.1241 respectively.The five poor rural households' livelihood capitals have all improved after the development of rural tourism.Natural capital,human capital,financial capital,and social capital have increased significantly,while physical capital has increased but not significant.(4)The binary logistic regression model analysis shows : the increase in the number of household skills training,the increase in the total labor force,and the increase in the number of migrant workers in rural households have a positive and significant impact on the poor rural households' livelihood capital,and the degree of influence weakened in turn.The increase in household burden ratio has a negative impact on the livelihood capital of poor rural households.The change of village-level factors have no significant effect on the livelihood capital of poor rural households.This fully shows that in the development of rural tourism,skills training for poor rural households has created new ways to increase income,which can effectively improve the livelihood capital of poor rural households.At the same time,migrant workers also play an important role in family livelihoods.Participation in tourism is a supplement to the livelihoods of poor rural households but not an alternative.Based on the above conclusions,this paper proposes the following suggestions for achieving sustainable livelihoods for poor rural households:(1)Secure the land for tourism development and expand the scale of rural tourism development;(2)Excavate characteristic;(2)Excavate characteristic tourism resources to enhance the operating cycle of tourist season;(3)Strengthen rural soft and hard infrastructure and achieve sustainable livelihood of farmers;(4)Pay attention to the guidance of industrial development,and increase the impetus of impoverished rural households;(5)Strengthen technical training to improve the livelihood capacity of poor rural households;(6)Using cooperatives as carriers,allow poor rural households to fully participate in and benefit from it.