The Study On Spatial And Temporal Behavior Of Uzbekistan International Tourists Based On Photos From Flickr

In recent years,tourism in Central Asia is rising and has attracted world's attention.Uzbekistan,one of five Central Asia countries,which is located in the core area of Central Asia,has enjoyed rapid development of tourism.With rich and unique humanistic tourism resources,four world cultural heritages and one world natural heritage,Uzbekistan is the most important part of tourism in Central Asia.Thus,the paper take Uzbekistan as a case study to explore the characteristics of the space-time behavior of international tourists in Uzbekistan.The conclusions gained from the paper provide valuable reference information for destination marketing and destination visitor management in Uzbekistan.Based on the theory of tourism flow and Markov chain theory,this study uses mathematical statistics,nuclear density analysis,tracking analysis,and space-and-time thinking analysis methods to analyze the temporal and spatial behavior of international visitors to Uzbekistan.The main research content concludes three aspects.Firstly,the paper analyzes the time behavior of tourists.The specific content involves the change in the number of the overall international tourists and different types of international tourists coming from different regions along with the years,months,hours in a day and international tourists' length of stay in Uzbekistan.Secondly,it explores the spatial behavior of international tourists visiting Uzbekistan.The research analyzes the hot spot area distribution and trajectories of overall and different types of international tourists in Uzbekistan.Finally,based on Markov chain theory,the study explores visitors' spatial and temporal behavior patterns.The study yielded three levels of conclusions:Conclusion 1,in the field of Uzbekistan international tourists' temporal behaviour,the change in the number of overall international tourists and international tourists from different regions have similar variation tendency measured by years,months,hours.The total number of visitors to Uzbekistan as well as the number of tourists from different regions have shown a fluctuating upward trend from 2005 to 2016.In the monthly distribution,the changes in the number of international tourists show an inverted "W" pattern with changes in the month,displaying a certain degree of seasonal concentration.In the aspect of daytime distribution of visitors,Most visitors exhibited a rhythm of “night for rest and daytime for activities”,but tourists in North America are more casual in their travel time,and there is no obvious time rhythm of “night for rest and daytime for activities”.In terms of length of stay,European tourists have the longest stay in Uzbekistan and the CIS countries have the shortest stay in Uzbekistan.Conclusion 2,in the field of Uzbekistan international tourists' spatial behaviour,the distributions of hot spot areas and trajectories of international tourists from different regions exist great differences.The overall international visitor's spatial concentration in Uzbekistan shows the characteristics of decentralization and aggregation along strip lines.The node cities with convenient traffic,rich tourist attractions and high quality are the hot spots for international tourists gathering in Uzbekistan.Based on this,clustered areas center on Khiva,Bukhara,Samarkand and Tashkent.Visitors mainly moves among the four cities and scatter these four cities to the sub-core cities.The distributions of hot-spot areas and trajectories of international tourists from different regions show changes in a certain degree based on the distribution of hot-spot areas and trajectories formed by the overall international tourists visiting to Uzbekistan.Conclusion 3,the state of Tashkent,Khiva,Samarkand,Bukhara have different functions in the forming of Uzbekistan international tourists' temporal and spatial behavior patterns.Through the exploration of the temporal and spatial behavior patterns of tourists,we discovered that Tashkent,Khiva,Samarkand,Bukhara are the first stop for most visitors to Uzbekistan.Tourists have a higher probability to choosing Tashkent,Andijan,Namangan,and Sirdaryo Viloyat as the only destinations than other states.The state of Tashkent has apparent independence association with other states in tourism.Tourists travel between Samarkand and Bukhara states most frequently,and the two states have strong link with other states in tourism routes.The number of destinations visited in Uzbekistan has been focused on one,two and three destinations.