| As an important industrial base in China,the Northeast Old Industrial Base has made great contributions to China's development in the fields of mineral mining,machinery manufacturing and national defense.However,since the “Reform and Opening up”,the development of Northeast Old Industrial Base has gradually lagged behind the development of the eastern and southern coastal areas in China.Especially since 2012,the GDP of three provinces of northeast region tends to be the last of all provinces in the country.The Northeast Old Industrial Base faces excess production capacity,export falling and a large number of companies face the survival crisis of falling investment,staff cuts and bankruptcy.As the basic condition for the sustainable operation of enterprises,enterprise survival is not only related to economic growth in northeast China,but also to population employment and social stability.Therefore,it is important to solve the survival crisis of the Northeast Old Industrial Base.The Northeast old industrial base has maintained export status in mechanical and electrical manufacturing,petrochemical,steel processing and other traditional industries in a long time.Export can help enterprises expand the market,transfer surplus capacity,learn advanced technology and promote the development of the enterprise survival.But export is also accompanied by fierce market competition and external environmental threat,which need more financial support to deal with.Government subsidy,as a kind of financial support for the development of enterprises,is conducive to alleviating the financing constraints faced by enterprises' export and playing an important role in promoting the survival of enterprises.Since the making and implementation of the revitalization strategy of northeast and other old industrial bases of China in 2003,the state has increased subsidies to the northeast region to promote the revitalization of northeast China.In 2016,the state further implemented "rolling implementation plan for the rejuvenation of the Northeast Old Industrial Base "(2016-2018),and continued to increase its financial support to the northeast.Government subsidy,however,is likely to be a "double-edged sword".If enterprises blindly rely on the subsidy,the subsidy can reduce enterprises' crisis consciousness,thus reduce the motivation of promoting the competitiveness of the products and services,which is not conducive to enterprises' survival and development and will cause the waste of public finance.Therefore,it is particularly necessary to explore the effectiveness of government subsidies on enterprises.With the policy of “One Belt and One Road” and “Revitalize the Northeast”,if the government subsidy can play the positive role of export to promote enterprise survival,it will provide beneficial countermeasures for the high efficiency and pertinence of government subsidy.First,the paper does the macroscopic analysis to the enterprise development and survival situation of Northeast Old Industrial Base.Then the paper studies the influence of enterprise export and government subsidy on enterprise survival.Next the paper uses Cox proportional hazards model to do empirical test.The result shows that both enterprise export and government subsidy can promote the survival of enterprises.For non-state-owned enterprises,government subsidy can promote export enterprise survival significantly.For state-owned enterprises,the impact of government subsidy on export enterprises survival is not significantly higher than the non-export enterprise enterprises;In addition,the government subsidy only has the "inverted U" threshold effect on the non-state-owned enterprises.Finally,According to the research conclusion,the paper puts forward some countermeasures to improve the effectiveness of the government subsidy on the old industrial base in northeast China and to solve the practical problems of state-owned enterprises and non-state-owned enterprises in northeast China. |
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