The Study Of The Evaluation And Temporal And Spatial Variation Of Urban Competitiveness Of The New First-tier Cities

Under the background of China's economy entering the new normal and the economic downturn,aiming to find new drivers of economic growth,this paper studies the urban competitiveness of "new first-tier" cities and the regularity of their spatiotemporal change.Choosing "new first-tier" city as the research object mainly based on two factors: one is on the solid basis of the analysis of statistical data which show that new first-tier cities have obvious advantages and their economic development is more dynamic than traditional first-line,second-line and third-tier cities in terms of economic size,economic growth and economic efficiency;the other is that new first-tier cities have developed rapidly and the economic growth is rapid in recent years,the annual national GDP contribution rate is more than 21% and is increasing year by year.To a great extent,it represents the trend of China's economy and plays an irreplaceable role in the development of the future regional economy.The analysis shows that there are obvious differences between the economic background of these four types of cities,which reflects the differences in their competitiveness,so it is necessary to study the competitiveness of the cities.Considering the development trend of urban competitiveness in the new period,the article constructs the theoretical model of urban competitiveness in the new period by adding the factors of urban external relations in the traditional urban competitiveness theory.In terms of the construction of evaluation index system,the new features of new first-tier cities types are added in the traditional indicator system from the two directions of common and characteristic,such as various location advantages,information flow,urban network node advantages and internationalization level,etc.and finally the evaluation index system of new first-tier cities competitiveness with 52 indicators in 8 aspects is constructed.With new first-tier cities competitiveness evaluation index system for the model,the comprehensive competitiveness of new first-tier cities in 2011,2013 and 2015 was evaluated by principal component analysis and weighted principal component TOPSIS method.The evaluation result of principal component analysis approach is closer to the actual situation of new first-tier cities competitiveness.Then using principal component analysis(pca)to further analysis of the individual competitiveness of new first-tier cities(such as economy and endogenous competitive)and its influence on urban competitiveness,analyze the city cluster of individual competitiveness,and study the time change of new first-tier cities competitiveness.According to the comprehensive scoring value of the overall competitiveness of new first-tier cities and the use of ArcGIS10.2,the grade distribution map and spatial interpolation map of new first-tier cities competitiveness are obtained.The distribution characteristic and change regularity of the spatial differentiation and space expansion of new first-tier cities,comprehensive competitiveness in 2011,2013 and 2015 are revealed.The results show that:(1)The overall level gap of comprehensive competitiveness of new first-tier cities from 2011 to 2015 has been relatively large,but the gap has narrowed and the region has developed in a balanced direction;(2)In addition to the first and fourth levels,the spatial expansion of new first-tier cities also shows obvious regularity.Among them,the second grade urban center of gravity is gradually concentrated in the Yangtze river delta of the southeast;The third tier cities are distributed southwest to northeast;(3)The main factors affecting the development of new first-tier cities are the scale of economic development,the quality of economic operation,the construction of infrastructure,the condition of the ecological environment and the opening to the outside world,the secondary factors are the advantages of network nodes and the welfare of the residents.Through the scientific analysis and evaluation of all the factors affecting the competitiveness of new first-tier cities,it is beneficial to the correct positioning and rational planning of new first-tier cities to realize their scientific development;it is beneficial to releasing their economic vitality and driving regional development to reshape the new kinetic energy of Chinese economy.