Pricing Decision-making And Interest Coordination For Remanufacturing Closed-loop Supply Chain Under Product Dual Differentiation

With the continuous development of science and technology and economy,the waste of resources is becoming more and more serious,which needs to be solved urgently.The remanufacturing closed-loop supply chain,which has a significant effect to save resources and reduce the emissions of pollutants,has become the important strategic means to solve the shortage of resources,environmental pollution and the implementation of circular economy and sustainable development in China.At present,China's research on remanufacturing closed-loop supply chain management has two problems: First,under different power structures,the research has not consider the quality grading of recycled products and the product differentiation pricing,which is t he real situation in the enterprise;Second,the existing research on pricing and contract coordination focus on the two-stage remanufacturing closed-loop supply chain,few research consider the three-stage remanufacturing closed-loop supply chain that is in line with the real situation.Therefore,it is necessary to study the pricing and coordination of remanufacturing closed loop supply chain based on these two problems.This paper takes the three-stage remanufacturing closed-loop supply chain(RCLSC)that contains manufacturers/remanufacturers,retailers and recyclers as the research object,and mainly discusses the optimal pricing and interest coordination when considering different power structures(centralized decision-making and decentralized decision-making)and product dual differentiation(different quality of recycled products and different price of new products and remanufactured products).This paper constructs a remanufacturing closed-loop supply chain model which contains manufacturers/remanufacturers,retailers and recyclers,based on game theory and related methods,we solve the optimal wholesale price,retail price of new products and remanufactured products,the recycling price of remanufactured products and the maximum profit for each enterprise of RCLSC under different power structures.Furthermore,based on the method of Shapley value,we study the RCLSC coordination problem,and focus on analyzing the effects of recycling rate of waste products,rate of recycled product quality grade and product substitution coefficient and other key parameters on the RCLSC profit and profit distribution.Based on the above research,we put forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions.This paper is conducive to further expand the theoretical research areas and methods of closed-loop supply chain and solve the realistic problem of closed-loop supply chain in China,so as to effectively solve the shortage of resources and environmental pollution problems in our country.