Research On The Anti-inhibition Mechanism Of Ammonium Salt In Malachite Sulfide Flotation

Malachite is a main copper oxide mineral.In the process of sulfide flotation,the control of sodium sulfide dosage is a crucial factor,once too much will cause depression to the flotation,thus affect the flotation effect.This thesis is aimed at malachite in the flotation process,in the case of excessive dosage of sodium sulfide,how to reduce the depression effect of malachite flotation.In this thesis referred to as"anti-depression" effect.At first,this paper has carried on Hallimond tube flotation study to the pure malachite mineral.On the basis of pure mineral flotation,and copper oxide actual sample is verified.At the same time,also by zeta potential,scanning electron microscopy(SEM),EDS energy spectrum,XRD and XPS analysis results of the tests,discusses the related mineral surface morphology and flotation behavior,the effect of reagent and mineral,and anti-depression mechanism of pure malachite mineral.Test results show that the influence of different inorganic ammonium salts is different on the malachite flotability in different concentration of sodium sulfide.When the concentration of sodium sulfide is 1.0 × 10-2mol/L for over-sulfide to malachite,the performance of ammonium salt by anti-depression effect for:ammonium acetate>ammonium sulfate>ammonium chloride>ammonium dihydrogen phosphate>ammonium carbonate>ammonium phosphate = ammonium bicarbonate>ammonium thiocyanate>ammonium persulfate>ammonium oxalate,in which the concentration molar ratio of ammonium ions and sulfur ions is 2:1,the anti-depression effect is good.And the anti-depression effect of combined ammonium salt is better.When the molar ratio of ammonium sulfate and ammonium chloride is 2:1,malachite flotability can back up to 94.34%.In addition,through the study confirms that ammonium sulphate has promotion adsorption effect,synergistic effect and buffer effect in the malachite flotation process.And when the sodium sulfide concentration increases to 1.0 × 10-1mol/L,malachite has seriously excessive sulfide,at this time whether to join an equal amount and even excessive ammonium salt,after replacing sulfide solution with distilled water or increasing the dosage of the collector,all cannot be weakened the anti-depression.X-ray photo-electron spectroscopy analysis results show that,compared to sulphided malachite,Cu2p and S2p binding energy peak of over-sulphided malachite are reduced,S and Cu atomic concentration increase significantly,and the concentration of O atom has plunged 24.70%.And when the over-sulphided malachite add ammonium sulfate,ammonium chlorate and ammonium acetate respectively,the binding energy of atomic orbitals migration are identical basically.After adding ammonium sulfate,Cu2p migration may be formed Cu20 and Cu2p1 binding energy.At the same time,Cu and S atoms on the surface of the mineral concentrations have different degrees of reduction,it is too thick sulfide mineral surface membrane parsing originally,show fresh surface of copper ions,to restore the flotability of malachite.So the surface material of malachite in sodium sulphide-ammonium salt system for CuO(pure mineral)-CuS(moderate sulfide)-S2--(over-sulfide)-CuS(over-sulphide+ ammonium).