Research On Application Of Road Traffic Safety Risk Assessment Methods In Mountainous Areas

With the rapid development of China's economic construction,the scale of road construction in China has gradually expanded and the network has developed rapidly.At the same time,China's motor vehicle ownership,number of drivers,and road traffic volume have also increased year by year,followed by the road traffic safety problems are becoming increasingly serious.The mountainous rural roads,as the link between the mountains and the outside world,play an important role in promoting the economic development of the mountainous areas.Due to the special geological and topographical conditions of mountainous areas and the constraints of mountainous rural roads itself,the mountainous road design index mostly adopt the critical value,the roads are in poor condition,the complex traffic flow runs,and most of the mountainous rural roads are near the cliff.These special road traffic conditions bring great challenges to the traffic safety of mountainous rural roads.In addition,the budget for the maintenance and management of mountainous rural roads is limited,which limits its traffic safety protection facilities and management means.Compared with other highways,mountainous rural roads often have frequent traffic accidents,serious accidents,major and mega-traffic accidents.Therefore,based on the traditional post-event traffic safety improvement,we are engaged in the pre-active safety preventive concept.The research on theoretical methods and key technologies for active prevention and control of road traffic accidents in mountainous areas have further improved the safety level of rural roads and reduced the number of accidents and casualties.This has become the focus of government management,scientific research personnel.The application of road risk assessment theory and method to systematically analyze and solve traffic safety problems has proved to be an effective and scientific method in road safety practice.Taking the typical mountainous rural roads as an example,this paper introduces the risk management theory and method into the traffic safety analysis and evaluation of mountainous rural roads from the perspective of quantitative analysis and diagnosis of potential safety risks of road traffic infrastructure,and studies the traffic safety risk assessment method of mountainous rural roads,in order to improve the effectiveness of the safety evaluation method,so as to deal with the hidden danger of accident risk in advance and in time,take the initiative to prevent and reduce traffic accidents.The main research contents of this paper include the following four aspects.Firstly,the situation of traffic safety and risk factors of mountainous rural roads are analyzed and studied.Based on the traffic accident data of the Yuanmou-Shuangbai road in Yunnan from 2012 to 2017,the road design data and the traffic volume data,using descriptive statistical analysis method,this paper analyzes the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of traffic accidents on the Yuan-Shuang road,the distribution of accidents,the relationship between traffic accidents and road alignment,and the current situation of traffic safety in mountainous rural roads.Combining with the relevant research experience at home and abroad,this paper analyzes the main risk factors that affecting the traffic safety of the mountainous rural roads from four objective factors,road geometry,road environment,pavement condition and traffic environment.Provides a theoretical basis for constructing the traffic safety risk assessment model of mountainous rural roads.Secondly,verify the applicability of the risk assessment method recommended in the current “Technical Guide for the Implementation of Highway Safety Life Protection Engineering”(hereinafter referred to as the “Guide”)in mountainous rural roads.On the basis of the risk assessment method and technical process recommended by the “Guide”,take the Yuan-Shuang road as an example,select each 200 m interval as the evaluation unit,calculate the traffic accident risk and the road operation risk respectively.Compare and analyze the two evaluation results find that the evaluation standard of the Guide is not fully applicable to mountainous rural roads,and localization optimization are required.Furthermore,this paper studies and puts forward a road safety risk assessment model for mountainous rural roads based on fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method.Through the analysis of the main risk factors that affecting the traffic safety of mountainous rural roads,considering the availability of data and the operation of model engineering,the risk assessment index system suitable for traffic characteristics of mountainous rural roads is established,and on this basis,the judgment matrix is constructed by analytic hierarchy process and expert experience method,calculate the weight of risk index,select the triangle membership function as the membership function of the corresponding index,and use fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to establish the traffic safety risk assessment model of mountainous rural roads.Taking the k63+000~ k68+000 section of the Yuan-Shuang road as an example,the evaluation unit is selected every 200 m interval,and calculate the risk level of the corresponding evaluation unit to verify the practicability of the mountainous rural roads risk assessment model.Finally,this paper summarizes the experience of the domestic security project in mountainous rural roads,combines with the actual situation of mountainous rural roads,and puts forward the safety improvement measures and prevention and control measures of high-risk sections of mountainous rural roads.