The Ship Trade And Sailing Ship Trade In Qingdao Port During The German-Japanese Occupation Period

Qingdao Port is a natural port with excellent geographical conditions.Prior to the German lease,the port was dominated by traditional sailing trade.From 1898 to 1914,Germany forcibly leased Qingdao Port and built the Dagang and Jiaoji Railways,which became the main factor affecting the ship trade.The main force of Qingdao Port’s ship trade is German ships,the main trend is Europe,the imported goods are mostly European industrial products,and the exported goods are mostly local goods.The total volume of steamship trade has increased year by year,and it has only declined in the last year.The steamship trade during this period promoted the development of Qingdao Port’s business and the rise of the financial industry,and promoted the progress of the city.The construction of the small port by the German occupation authorities became the main factor affecting the sailing trade.The main force of the sailing trade is the sailing ships in the ports of Haizhou,Shanghai and Shandong Southwest.Most of the imports are scarce in the province,and the exports are mainly agricultural products and handicrafts.The total sailing trade is between 5million and 6 million customs per year.The sailing trade during this period promoted the development of Qingdao port handicraft industry and strengthened the connection with the surrounding ports.From 1915 to 1922,Japan occupied Qingdao Port and expanded the big port,which became the main factor affecting the ship trade.The main force in Qingdao ’s steamship trade is Japanese steamships,and the main trend is Japan.Imported bulk products are no longer general industrial products,but high-end foreign goods.Exported bulk products are minerals,forest resources and food.The total volume of steamship trade was greatly reduced due to World War I,and increased year after year after World War I.The steamship trade during this period promoted the development of Qingdao’s port industry and commerce,the formation of a market system centered on Qingdao and the prosperity of the city,but it caused a significant reduction in iron ore and tung wood in the province.Japan’s expansion of the small port has become the main factor affecting the sailing trade.The main force of the sailing trade is Tao Luo and the sailing ships of Haizhou.Most imported goods are food,and most exported goods are local specialties and handicrafts from Shandong.The sailing trade during this period further promoted the development and economic prosperity ofQingdao Port’s handicraft industry.Through the comparison of ship trade in different periods,it was found that the German leasing and Japanese occupation periods have a certain continuity in the factors affecting the ship trade and the influence of the ship trade: the construction of Dagang and Jiaoji Railway during the German lease period also affected the ships during the Japanese occupation The development of trade;the steamboat trade during the German lease period promoted the rise of the city,and the further development and prosperity of the city during the Japanese occupation.Of course,there are differences: the ship trade during the German lease period is dominated by Germany and focuses on dumping industrial products;the ship trade during the Japanese occupation period is dominated by Japan and focuses on plundering mineral resources.Through the comparison of sailing trades in different periods,it is found that there are also certain continuities in the causes and effects of the sailing trades during the German lease and Japanese occupation period: the construction of the small port is an important factor affecting the German leases and sailing trade during the Japanese occupation period;The sailing trade during the period strengthened the exchange of commodities between Qingdao Port and coastal ports,and promoted the development of Qingdao City.The difference is that the sailing trade during the German lease period is relatively autonomous,while the sailing trade during the Japanese occupation period is dominated by Japan.Through the comparison between the ship trade and the sailboat trade in the same period,it is found that the connection between the two during the German lease period is that both the ship trade and the sailboat trade,the port is an important factor.The difference is that the ship trade is the main driver of the rise of the city and economic development,while the sailing trade plays an auxiliary role.The link between the two during the Japanese occupation was also that the sailing trade provided a source of supply for the steamship trade,which promoted the development of the sailboat trade.The difference is that the steamship trade strengthens the economic ties between Qingdao Port and Japan,and the sailboat trade strengthens the economic ties with the surrounding ports.