Research On The Response Of Land Use Change To Soil Erosion Based On RS And GIS

This paper takes Acheng District of Harbin as the research object,and uses Landsat TM(OLI)remote sensing images in 2005,2010 and 2015 as the main data sources.Based on RS and GIS technology,quantitative research on land use data and vegetation coverage in different periods of the region.Data,combined with DEM in the study area,soil data,meteorological data from different periods and other relevant data,using the USLE model of the universal soil loss equation to quantitatively obtain soil erosion data in the study area,and carry out elevation zoning,slope and aspect of the DEM.Based on the topographic analysis,this paper explores the response mechanism of land use,elevation,slope and aspect to soil erosion in this area,in order to provide a theoretical basis and scientific basis for the rational use of land and soil erosion control in this area.:(1)During the period from 2005 to 2015,the study area was mainly dominated by micro-erosion and mild erosion.The micro-erosion was mainly distributed in the northwest of the study area,and the mild erosion was mainly distributed in the southeast of the study area.Compared with the situation in three years,soi]erosion was more serious in 2005,and soil erosion was relatively mild in 2010 and 2015,indicating that soil erosion has been decreasing during this decade.(2)In 2005,2010 and 2015,the main land use types in Acheng District were mainly cultivated land and forest land,and the cultivated land was mainly distributed in the west and north of the region.In the first five years,the land use type change in the area mainly occurred in the eastern region,followed by the northwest region.The changes in land use types in the last five years showed the same overall trend as in the previous five years.(3)During the decade from 2005 to 2015,only the water area in the study area showed a continuous increase trend,and the area increased the fastest,especially in the next five years.The growth trend was obvious;only the rate of change of unused land and cultivated land showed a decreasing trend,and unused land.Both cultivated land and the cultivated land were mainly reduced in the last five years;the change in forest land was not obvious.(4)The largest area of soil erosion in the study area in 2005 was cultivated land,followed by forest land>construction land>unused land>water area>grassland;in 2010,the largest area of soil erosion among different types of land was cultivated land,followed by forest land>Construction land>Unutilized land>Water area>Grassland;The largest area of soil erosion in the study area in 2015 is construction land,which is unutilized land>water area>cultivated land>grassland>forest land.(5)In the past ten years,the elevational elevation zone with the most serious soil erosion is the elevation zone of<300m and 300-500in;the slope with the most serious soil erosion is distributed on the micro-slope of<5°;the slope with the most serious soil erosion occurs.The direction is the semi-sunny slope and the semi-shady slope,the erosion area of the semi-sunny slope and the semi-shady slope and 51%of the total erosion area.(6)In the first five years of 2005-2010,the area of micro-erosion erosion was the most,and the main conversion was mild erosion.The area of transfer was 96.56km2.In the five years from 2010 to 2015,the area of micro-erosion was the most.Out of mild erosion,the area of the transfer is 112.27km2;in the decade of 2005-2015,the area of micro-erosion is the most,and the main conversion is mild erosion.The area of the transfer is 159.80km2,which is transferred to other types of erosion area.Rarely,the change is not obvious.Between 2005 and 2015,the strong erosion center of gravity offset distance was the largest,6.682km;followed by moderate erosion,6.541 km;the sharp erosion offset distance was the smallest,0.421km.In general,the erosion center of gravity gradually shifts to the northeast.