Research On Hydrological And Ecological Functions Of Remnants And Soil Of Jiu'an Tea Garden In Central Guizhou

In this paper,the Jiu'an ecological tea garden in the middle of Guizhou is taken as the research object.The research take a method which combining field investigation and laboratory test,including the litter of 5 different forest types inside and outside the tea forest,the soil of 4 different tea planting years in the tea forest,and the soil of 5 different forest types outside the tea forest.The results showed that:(1)The litter reserves are ranked as: Masson pine forest> Betula platyphylla forest>Cunninghamia lanceolata forest> Mixed forest> Tea forest.The litter reserves of the undecomposed layer is lower than that of the semi-decomposed layer;(2)The water holding capacity,water holding ratio of the litter showed a significant logarithmic correlation with the immersion time.The water holding capacity and water holding ratio of the litter increased greatly in the first 4 hours,and the increase rate tended to be flat after 4 hours of immersion.The water holding capacity and water holding ratio of the litter showed that the semi-decomposed layer was higher than the undecomposed layer,and the water holding capacity and water holding ratio of the masson pine forest were the highest.The water absorption rate of the litter showed a significant exponential correlation with the water immersion time.The water absorption rate of the remnants had obvious changes in the first 4 hours,and the changes tended to be flat after 4 hours of immersion.The water absorption speed of the remnants showed that the semi-decomposed layer was higher than that of the undecomposed layer,and the water absorption rate of Masson pine forest was the fastest.(3)The soil bulk density of 4 different tea planting years in the tea forest and 5different forest types outside the tea forest is ranked as: Planting tea 7 years> Planting tea 3 years> Planting tea 5 years> Ancient tea forest,Chinese fir forest> Masson pine forest> Mixed forest> Miscellaneous irrigation> Betula platyphylla forest,the variation range is: 1.07-1.31g/cm3;the soil total porosity is: Planting tea 5 years>Ancient tea forest> Planting tea 3 years> Planting tea 7 years,Light birch forest>Mixed forest> Miscellaneous irrigation> Cunninghamia lanceolata forest> Masson pine forest,the range of variation is: 48.77%-62.87%.The soil bulk density of theancient tea forest and the light birch forest is the smallest,and the soil total porosity of the 5 years' tea forest and the light birch forest is the biggest.(4)The maximum soil water holding ratio and capillary water holding ratio of 4different tea planting years in the tea forest and 5 different forest types outside the tea forest are ranked as: Planting tea 5 years> Ancient tea forest> Planting tea 3 years>Planting tea 7 years,Light birch forest> Miscellaneous irrigation = Mixed forest>Chinese fir forest> Masson pine forest,the 5 years' tea forest and the light birch forest have the strongest water holding capacity.The soil initial infiltration coefficient is between 0.03mm/min-1.53mm/min,and the soil steady infiltration coefficient is between 0.02mm/min-1.47mm/min,which are the strongest soil infiltration capacity include the ancient tea forest and the miscellaneous irrigation.The soil anti-wash out coefficient is between 3.91-12.2L*s/g,the ancient tea forest and the Chinese fir forest have the strongest anti-wash out capacity.(5)Based on the comprehensive analysis for the hydrological and ecological functions of litter and soil,it can be seen that the comprehensive water holding capacity of the ancient tea forest and the 5 years' tea forest are the strongest in the tea forests,and the Masson pine forest is the strongest outside the tea forest.Controlling the continuous planting time of the tea plantation,collecting the litter of Masson pine forest as the litter of the tea plantation,and increasing the accumulation of the litter in the tea forest,will optimize the hydrological and ecological functions of the tea plantation to achieve sustainable development.