| The planting mechanism is the final mechanism for planting vegetable plug seedlings into the field.It is the core working part of a vegetable transplanter.Its operating performance directly affects the quality of the plug seedlings and the performance of the transplanter.It can be seen that,whether it is a semi-automatic transplanting machine or a fully automatic transplanting machine,a set of planting mechanism with good working performance is required in order to realize the high quality and high efficiency of mechanical transplanting of vegetable plug seedlings.In order to solve the problems of low planting speed,low uprightness of plug tray seedlings and inconsistent planting depth of small semi-automatic transplanting machine,this paper analyzes and draws on previous researches and adopts the electric facility transplanter independently developed by the research group Theoretical research on the working process,innovating and optimizing the core working parts of the planting mechanism,aiming at the duckbill planter and its opening and closing method,proposed to design a duckbill high-speed planting device with adjustable soil entry angle and planting depth The angle of planting duckbill into the soil can improve the planting speed,adjust the planting depth of plug seedlings,improve the planting quality,and realize high-quality and efficient transplanting of vegetable plug seedlings.This paper focuses on the design of the mechanical structure of the adjustable planting device,the design of the intelligent controller,and the experiment of transplanting the vegetable plug seedlings.The main research content is as follows:(1)The development status of vegetable transplanters at home and abroad was learned by consulting the data,and the working principles,advantages and disadvantages of the vegetable transplanting mechanisms that are currently widely used are analyzed.Learned that it is of most realistic to improve the working performance of vegetable transplanters by optimizing and designing the planting mechanism of the vegetable transplanters.Aiming at the duckbill planter and itsopening and closing method,this paper proposes an innovative design of a duckbill high-speed planting device with adjustable duckbill entry angle and planting depth,and its intelligent controller.Based on the analysis of the structure layout and planting workflow of the electric plant transplanter for vegetable plug tray seedlings,a theoretical analysis of the duckbill type high-speed planting device with adjustable soil entry angle and planting depth is carried out,and the plug tray of the duckbill planter is comprehensively adjusted The planting angle of the seedlings when transplanting,according to the feedback information of the ridge surface profiling device,adjust the planting depth of the plug seedlings,improve the mechanical transplanting efficiency of the vegetable plug seedlings,meet the planting depth requirements of different vegetable plug seedlings,and realize the vegetable holes High quality and high efficiency of mechanical transplanting of seedlings.(2)Combined with the overall structure and working process of the electric facility transplanter,according to the functional requirements and analysis of the working principle,determine the design scheme of key components of the duckbill high-speed planting device with adjustable soiling angle and planting depth;combined with theoretical analysis,complete key components 3D modeling and parameter design of planting device;using ANSYS software to analyze the force of the transmission link mechanism,the results show that it can meet the strength requirements at a planting speed of 60 plants per minute;constructing a simulation model of the planting device and importing it to The kinematics simulation is carried out in ADAMS,and the results of simulation analysis prove that it can meet the transplanting requirements of vegetable plug seedlings,and can ensure the planting efficiency and quality of the planter.(3)Design intelligent controllers for high-speed planting devices.The hardware design of the intelligent controller includes the selection of the controller and the signal detection sensor,and the appropriate installation position;the design of the signal acquisition circuit and the design of the switching output control circuit.After the hardware circuit design is completed,the software of the intelligent controller is designed.By writing a signal detection program and an actuator controlprogram,the high-speed travel speed of the vegetable plug seedling electric facility transplanter can be realized according to the change of the transplantation frequency.Complete the adjustment of the angle of the duck's mouth when planting;and adjust the height of the planting device by adjusting the electric push rod which plays a supporting role to the planting device according to the information of the planting surface feedback from the planting device of the planting surface,so as to realize the planting of vegetable plug seedlings The depth adjustment guarantees that the planting depth of vegetable plug trays can meet the requirements and has stability.(4)After the key parts of the test prototype of the adjustable planting device are processed,their functions and performance are tested,and after being qualified,they are assembled and assembled on the frame of the electric plant transplanting machine for vegetable plug seedlings.After the commissioning,the vegetable plug seedlings are transplanted.Test to verify the actual performance of the adjustable planting device.Through carrying out the transplanting experiment of cucumber plug seedlings,observe the planting quality of cucumber plug trays after planting,and evaluate the planting performance of the adjustable planting device with three key indicators of uprightness,plant spacing and planting depth,to test and verify the adjustable planting device Whether the performance technical index meets the agronomic requirements,whether it meets the design technical index requirements,and is optimized and improved. |
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