| Quality control and evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)is one of the key problems restricting the modernization of TCM.At present,the quality control and evaluation of TCM mainly includes three modes:empirical evaluation,chemical evaluation and biological evaluation.The three modes reveal the quality connotation of TCM from different emphases.How to clarify the objective evaluation index of the three modes,scientifically correlate each index,and establish a comprehensive evaluation system of traditional Chinese medicine are the keys to realize the overall quality control.Research objectiveUnder the guidance of traditional Chinese medicine theory and modern analytical methods,this study takes Angelica sinensis as the research object,starting from three aspects of sensory properties,chemical analysis and pharmacodynamic activityresearch,using electronic nose,high performance liquid chromatography andchemometrics methods,establishes a comprehensive overall quality evaluation system of "sensory-chemical-biological" and systematically evaluates the quality of Angelica sinensis,which provides a new idea and method for the quality evaluation and quality control.Research methods and results1.Quality evaluation based on sensory traitsIn order to compensate for the strong subjectivity of the sensory traits method,thetraditional shape,size,odor and other traits indicators were given standard measurement values through standard measurement,image conversion and other methods.Through the correlation analysis with its commodity grade,it was found that there was a significant positive correlation between grading and the diameter,number,length,color,texture and odor of Angelica sinensis,which confirmed the scientific rationality of traditional Chinese medicine sensory evaluation method in qualitativejudgment of quality of Chinese medicinal materials.Starting from the "odor",an electronic nose detection method of Angelica sinensis was established,which realized the comprehensive extraction of the odor of Angelica sinensis by electronic nose and established an obj ective evaluation method of the odor of Angelica sinensis.The method was applied to examine and validate Angelica sinensis samples from different storage periods,different processing methods,different origins,different medicinal parts and different commodity grades,revealing the characteristics and differences in odor of various samples,and further calculating and analyzing with various statistical models,and obtaining effective distinction.In this study,a discriminant model of Angelica sinensis samples with different commodity grades was also established,in which all samples in the training set were confirmed and the recognition value was 100 points.96.9%of the samples in the test set have passed the validation,and have been correctly identified.The prediction result of the model has a higher accuracy.The results show that the DFA model can be used to classify different commodity grades of Angelica sinensis,and can be used to classify and discriminate unknown samples of Angelica sinensis.2.Quality evaluation based on chemical analysisThe research established a quality evaluation method for multi-component detection of Angelica sinensis.On the basis of previous metabolic studies,six active ingredients which can participate in metabolism in vivo or pass through blood-brain barrier were selected as evaluation indexes.Using Ligustilide as internal standard,the contents of Ferulic acid,Senkyunolide H,Senkyunolide I,Coniferyl ferulate and Butylidenephthalide in Angelica sinensis were simultaneously determined by QAMS.SAS correlation test results showed that the content of Ligustilide and Coniferyl ferulate in Angelica sinensis was significantly correlated with commodity grade,the higher the grade,the higher the content.SIMCA principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis indicated that Ligustilide and Coniferyl ferulate were the main markers of quality differences among different commodity grades of Angelica sinensisThe fingerprint of Angelica sinensis was established by HPLC,and 35 common peaks were calibrated.Nine peaks including Ferulic acid,Ligustilide,Senkyunolide H,Senkyunolide I,Senkyunolide A,Coniferyl ferulate,Levistolide A,Chlorogenic acid and Butylidenephthalide were identified.The similarity between batches was high,but the difference was not obviousIn addition,by correlating with the results of electronic nose measurement,it was found that the content of Coniferyl ferulate was positively correlated with the response value of electronic nose sensor,which proved that Coniferyl ferulate played an important role in the quality evaluation3.Quality evaluation based on pharmacodynamic activityIn this experiment,chemical fingerprints were combined with pharmacodynamic activity evaluation,and the correlation between fingerprints of Angelica sinensis and anti-platelet aggregation was analyzed by grey relevance degree method.The decoction of 10 batches of Angelica sinensis can improve the anti-platelet aggregation symptoms,and the effect is different among different batches.According to the fingerprint of decoction,the correlation between the components represented by 20 common peaks and the inhibition of platelet aggregation is greater than 0.60,which indicates that the inhibition of Angelica sinensis on platelet aggregation is the result of the combined action of "chemical composition group".The components represented by 10 peaks were highly correlated with anti-platelet aggregation(p>0.75).Four common peaks were identified as Chlorogenic acid(P10),Ferulic acid(P12),Levistolide I(P14)and Levistolide H(P15)by comparison with the reference substance.According to the degree of correlation,the contribution of each component of Angelica sinensis decoction to platelet aggregation was determined.The information of common peaks in the decoction and the correlation with the pharmacodynamics of Angelica sinensis "invigorates the circulation of blood "were clarified.The pharmacodynamic material basis of the active part of Angelica sinensis was preliminarily confirmed.ConclusionIn this study,digital extraction of appearance and odor characteristics of Angelica sinensis was realized,which provided scientific basis for the inheritance and innovation of sensory evaluation of Chinese medicinal materials.Qualitative and quantitative analysis methods of chemical information of Angelica sinensis were established to realize the multi-component quality control and overall evaluation of Angelica sinensis.And the anti-platelet aggregation of Angelica sinensis was preliminarily discussed with the help of spectral effect related research methods of Chinese medicinal materials.The results of "Sensory-Chemical-Biological"evaluation are interrelated,which confirms the rationality of the overall quality evaluation system. |
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